Jesús del Rosario Ruelas-Islas et al // Seed Mineral Content and Nutrient Harvest Index of Common ... 76-96
practices. They concluded that location and weather conditions influenced the seed nutrient
concentration.
Works by Sarwar et al. (2016), Wan et al. (2011) have shown that P application enhanced
micronutrient levels in plant tissues (leaves, stems, pods) which could also promoted higher
quality parameters in seeds especially with Fe and Zn. Smith et al. (2019) found that water
stress and P deficiency decreased the concentration of mineral nutrients such as K, P, S and Ca
in seeds, but they observed that nitrogen concentration enhanced by 50% as well as the
concentration of amino acids (alanine, arginine, asparagine, histidine, leucine, lysine,
methionine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, threonine, tyrosine, valine) in response to water
deficit conditions, with no differences between genotypes.
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Machado-Silva et al. (2024) reported average nutrient removal values of 33 kg N, 11 kg P O ,
7 kg K O, 1.5 kg Ca, 2.2 kg Mg and 2.3 kg S per ton of grain; while the average amounts of
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micronutrients were 14 g B, 3.7 g Cu, 70 g Fe, 13 g Mn and 34 g Zn for determinate and
indeterminate common bean cultivars. They argued that the amounts of exported nutrients
occurred because the cultivars tested yielded more than older cultivars and were also larger than
those exported by the genotypes studied by Westermann et al. (2011). Nonetheless, Bulyaba et
al. (2020) and Mukankusi et al. (2020) stated that variations in nutrient removal values are due
to differences linked to genetic variability among the cultivars used. Silva and Moreira (2022)
found a higher initial nutrient accumulation for early cultivar “TAA Gol” in the stage of V4
compared to other cultivars.
Khazaei and Vandenberg (2020) reported that seed mineral concentrations in low-tannin
faba beans were rich in Ca, Mg, Fe, and Zn, which are usually lacking in the human diet. They
also found higher protein content when compared to tannin-containing faba beans.
Finally, studies have focused on nutrient content in common bean as a way to enhance
concentration of zin and iron in biofortified cultivars in Africa and Latin America (Haas et al.,
2016; Andersson et al., 2017).
Regarding the nutrient harvest index, Westermann et al. (2011) found differences in the
values depending upon the nutrient evaluated. They reported high harvest index values on N
1.0), P (1.09), K (0.59), Zn (0.83) and Cu (0.80) which were attributed to their mobility within
(
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