Efectos de varios aceites cítricos macerados sobre los parámetros de salud de la trucha arco iris (Oncorhynchus mykiss) bajo alta densidad de población

• Basar Altinterim Malatya Turgut Ozal University, Agriculture Faculty, Fisheries Department. Battalgazi, Malatya, Türkiye

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52973/rcfcv-e34459

Palabras clave: estrés sobre el pescado, aceites vegetales, complementos alimenticios, fisiología del pez

Resumen

La interacción entre los componentes de la dieta y los sistemas antioxidantes en la fisiología de los peces es crucial para la acuicultura. Los cítricos, conocidos por su alto contenido en antioxidantes bioactivos, han llamado la atención por sus características antioxidantes en los peces. El propósito de este estudio fue investigar los efectos dietéticos del uso de aceites esenciales de aceites macerados de cáscara de limón (Citrus limon) (MOL), cáscara de naranja (Citrus sinensis) (MOO) y cáscara de pomelo o toronja (Citrus paradisi) (MOG) sobre el crecimiento, composición próximal, parámetros hematológicos y antioxidantes de la trucha arcoíris (Oncorhynchus mykiss) sometida a estrés por alta densidad. Para el estudio se introdujeron aleatoriamente peces (110 ± 10,95 g) en tres grupos de prueba (1 % de MOL, MOO y MOG). Al final del período de alimentación (42 días), los resultados mostraron que los tres grupos de prueba tuvieron efectos significativos en el factor de conversión alimentcia (FCR), especialmente en el MOG (P<0,05). El valor del FCR en MOG fue notablemente de 0,81. En el estudio, los niveles más bajos de materia seca y cenizas se detectaron en MOO, el contenido de humedad en MOL, pero los niveles más altos de grasa (6,82 ± 0,82) y proteína (15,85 ± 0,74) se encontraron en MOG. Hubo diferencias significativas en la composición proximal y en los glóbulos rojos (RBC) (1,73 ± 0,07 en MOG), hemoglobina (Hgb) (8,97 ± 0,43 en MOL), hematocrito (Hct) (23,92 ± 1,09 en MOL), concentración corpuscular media de hemoglobina. (MCHC) (38,22 ± 0,34 en MOG) entre el control y todos los grupos (P<0,05). Los resultados mostraron que las actividades de la glutatión peroxidasa (GPx), catalasa (CAT) y glutatión reductasa (GR) en todos los grupos de tratamiento disminuyeron y el nivel de malondialdehído (MDA) aumentó en la actividad del grupo MOO (P>0.05).

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