Eficacia del medio de células madre mesenquimales de la gelatina de Wharton en la cicatrización de quemaduras: Enfoque en apoptosis, necrosis y autofagia

• Zeynep Çelik–Kenar Selcuk University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology. Türkiye https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9667-5728
• Mehmet Tuzcu Selcuk University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology. Türkiye https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3118-1054
• Gökhan Akçakavak Aksaray University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology. Türkiye https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5949-4752
• Nijat Majidov Selcuk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Plastic Surgery, Türkiye https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9334-8721
• Muhammed Öner Selcuk University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology. Türkiye https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5905-1062
• Ayşenur Tural–Çifçi Selcuk University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology. Türkiye https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1585-3359
• Rabia Şahin Selcuk University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology. Türkiye https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0364-697X

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52973/rcfcv-e35517

Palabras clave: Apoptosis, autofagia, heridas por quemaduras, medio condicionado derivado de células madre mesenquimales de la gelatina de Wharton

Resumen

El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la eficacia del tratamiento con Plasma Rico en Plaquetas (PRP), sulfadiazina de plata y Medio Condicionado Derivado de Células Madre Mesenquimales de Gelatina de Wharton (WJ–MSC–CM) en heridas por quemaduras utilizando un modelo animal. El estudio presentado consistió en 4 grupos, cada uno con 16 ratas, y los grupos se dividieron además en dos subgrupos (n=8) para los días 7 y 14 del proceso de tratamiento. El Grupo 1 no recibió ningún tratamiento después de la quemadura. El Grupo 2 recibió tratamiento con PRP (Plasma Rico en Plaquetas) el primer día después de la quemadura. El Grupo 3 fue tratado con sulfadiazina de plata el primer día después de la quemadura. El Grupo 4 recibió WJ–MSC–CM el primer día después de la quemadura. En el estudio actual, la expresión de los genes Caspasa–3, Bcl–2, TNF–α, p21 y Beclin–1entre los grupos se evaluó mediante PCR en tiempo real. Los grupos de tratamiento con sulfadiazina de plata y WJ–MSC–CM mostraron una menor expresión de Bcl–2 y una mayor expresión de Caspasa-3 y Beclin–1en comparación con los otros grupos. La expresión de TNF–α y p21 fue alta en el grupo de control de quemaduras y mostró una menor expresión en los grupos tratados. Los hallazgos actuales demuestran que WJ–MSC–CM presenta una eficacia de curación en las heridas por quemaduras comparable al medicamento de referencia (sulfadiazina de plata) al inducir apoptosis y autofagia y reducir la necroptosis y el daño del ADN. Además, el PRP proporcionó algunos beneficios positivos en comparación con el grupo de control, pero fue menos eficaz que los otros tratamientos.

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