Comparación de la actividad antiparasitaria del levamisol libre y liposomal en ovejas

• Mehmet Özüiçli Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Balikesir University, Balıkesir, Türkiye. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3415-2582
• Hasan Susar Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Balikesir University, Balıkesir, Türkiye. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7121-1468
• Murat Çelebi Department of Laboratory and Veterinary Health, Savastepe Vocational School, Balikesir University, Balıkesir, Türkiye https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1769-2512
• Çağla Çelebi Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Balikesir University, Balıkesir, Türkiye. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6253-7346
• Hüseyin Şen Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Balikesir University, Balıkesir, Türkiye. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8468-4945
• İzzet Karahan Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Balikesir University, Balıkesir, Türkiye. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5108-7770

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52973/rcfcv-e35590

Palabras clave: Actividad antiparasitaria, levamisol, liposoma, oveja

Resumen

A nivel mundial los organismos parasitarios que residen en el aparato digestivo del ganado ovino causan cuantiosas pérdidas económicas. Para combatirlos se emplean diversos productos químicos antiparasitarios, principalmente levamisol. Sin embargo, en los últimos años los parásitos han desarrollado resistencia a los tratamientos empleados. En consecuencia, los científicos buscan actualmente composiciones medicinales más eficaces. La utilización de liposomas es una de las técnicas más estudiadas  para mejorar la eficacia farmacéutica. En este estudio se formaron cuatro grupos, cada uno con 12 animales: Grupo 1; grupo de levamisol libre (FLOG) recibió una dosis oral única de levamisol libre a 7,5 mg/kg; Grupo 2; grupo de levamisol liposomal (LLOG) recibió una dosis  oral  única  de  levamisol liposomal a 7,5 mg/kg; Grupo 3; (control positivo: PCG) recibió una dosis oral única de suero fisiológico a 7,5 mg/kg, y Grupo 4; sirvió como control negativo (NCG). Los días 0, 7, 14, 21 y 28 se recogieron muestras fecales del recto en recipientes estériles. En el estudio se empleó el método McMaster para cuantificar la carga de huevos por gramo de heces (EPG). La eficacia de los grupos de tratamiento se evaluó mediante la fórmula de reducción del recuento de huevos en heces (FECR). Según la fórmula FECR, Strongylids tuvo una eficacia de tratamiento del 65,36% en el grupo FLOG y del 70,67% en el grupo LLOG, Trichuris del 41,78% y del 74,22%, y Nematodirus del 52,78% y del 71,85%. La eficacia del tratamiento fue mayor en el grupo de levamisol liposomal en comparación con el grupo de levamisol libre. Este estudio estableció por primera vez la eficacia antiparasitaria del levamisol liposomal. Se requieren más investigaciones para evaluar los efectos antiparasitarios del levamisol liposomal mediante la administración de dosis variadas y recurrentes. 

Citas

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