Legalidad de la Aplicación de Medidas Médicas Coercitivas en el Derecho Penal

Iryna V.  Kalinina; Volodymyr M.  Kupriienko; Iryna I.  Shulhan; Dmytro O.  Pylypenko; Olena A.  Kozeratska

doi:10.46398/cuestpol.3971.06

Iryna V. Kalinina Donetsk State University of Management https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5199-9545
Volodymyr M. Kupriienko Kyiv University of Law of the National Academy of Sciences Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1601-0679
Iryna I. Shulhan Lviv Polytechnic National University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9623-3495
Dmytro O. Pylypenko Donetsk State University of Internal Affairs https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1299-6178
Olena A. Kozeratska State Institution “Center for Mental Health and Monitoring of Drugs and Alcohol of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine” https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7957-9657

DOI: https://doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.3971.06

Palabras clave: medidas médicas coercitivas, enfermedad mental, trastorno mental, medidas de derecho penal, derechos humanos

Resumen

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la legalidad de la aplicación de medidas médicas coercitivas y desarrollar recomendaciones para mejorar la regulación legislativa de su uso. El estudio incluyó datos sobre el número de delincuentes con trastornos mentales; el antecedente empírico fue la decisión del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos sobre la aplicación de medidas médicas coercitivas; disposiciones de la legislación de 31 países. Se utilizaron métodos de enfoque de sistema, comparación, análisis descriptivo, enfoque pragmático, pronóstico. La legislación penal nacional de la mayoría de los estados regula la aplicación de medidas médicas coercitivas a personas que han cometido un delito en un estado de cordura o demencia limitada, o lo han adquirido antes de dictar sentencia o durante el cumplimiento de esta, pero su aplicación práctica provoca una serie de complicaciones. Se concluye que la definición legislativa de medidas médicas coercitivas corresponde a la legislación en materia de derechos humanos. Pero existen problemas con su aplicación práctica. Se formularon propuestas para modificar la legislación nacional e internacional: ampliar la gama de motivos para la aplicación de medidas médicas coercitivas; regular la posibilidad de terminación anticipada de una medida médica coercitiva; obligar a los tribunales a determinar los términos adecuados.

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Biografía del autor/a

Iryna V. Kalinina, Donetsk State University of Management

PhD in Law, Head of the Department of the Special-Law Disciplines, Faculty of Law and Public Management, Donetsk State University of Management, 87513, Mariupol, Ukraine.

Volodymyr M. Kupriienko, Kyiv University of Law of the National Academy of Sciences Ukraine

PhD in Law, Associate Professor, Department of Criminal Law and Procedure of the Kyiv University of Law of the National Academy of Sciences Ukraine, 03142, Kyiv, Ukraine.

Iryna I. Shulhan, Lviv Polytechnic National University

PhD in Law, Assistant, Department of Criminal Law and Procedure, Institute of Law, Psychology and Innovative Education, Lviv Polytechnic National University, 79013, Lviv, Ukraine.

Dmytro O. Pylypenko, Donetsk State University of Internal Affairs

PhD in Law, Associate Professor, Department of Criminal Law Disciplines, Faculty No2, Kryvyi Rih Educational and Scientific Institute, Donetsk State University of Internal Affairs, 50000, Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine.

Olena A. Kozeratska, State Institution “Center for Mental Health and Monitoring of Drugs and Alcohol of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine”

PhD in Medicine, Associate Professor, Department of Criminalistics and Criminal Procedure of the Institute of Law of Taras Shevchenko National University, 01601, Kyiv, Ukraine; Head of the Department of Forensic Psychiatric Examination of the State Institution “Center for Mental Health and
Monitoring of Drugs and Alcohol of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine”, 04050, Kyiv, Ukraine.

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Legality of Applying Coercive Medical Measures in Criminal Law

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