Cyber security as the basis for the national security of Ukraine

La ciberseguridad como base para la seguridad nacional de Ucrania

• Oleh Tarasenko National Academy of Internal Affairs, Kyiv, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3179-0143
• Dmytro Mirkovets Private Higher Education Institution «University of Modern Knowledge», Kyiv, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2539-2824
• Artem Shevchyshen National Academy of Internal Affairs, Kyiv, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1342-6639
• Oleksandr Nahorniuk-Danyliuk National Academy of Internal Affairs, Kyiv, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1511-7140
• Yurii Yermakov Educational and Research Institute of Public Law. Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9400-0604

DOI: https://doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.4073.33

Palabras clave: ciberseguridad, tecnologías de la información y la comunicación, seguridad nacional, estrategia de seguridad, ciberterrorismo

Resumen

El objetivo del artículo es identificar los problemas de la seguridad cibernética como un componente de la seguridad nacional y sugerir formas de resolverlos. El tema de la investigación es la seguridad cibernética de Ucrania. En el transcurso de la investigación se utilizaron los siguientes métodos: método dialéctico, método formal y legal, método comparativo-legal y método de abstracción científica. A modo de resultado, se analizan los actos jurídicos que rigen la seguridad cibernética en Ucrania, se determinan los actores de la seguridad cibernética y se definen sus funciones. Implementación práctica. Existe la necesidad de establecer e implementar un plan anual para la implementación de la Estrategia de Seguridad Cibernética, que debe detallar las acciones para garantizar la seguridad cibernética, identificar medidas específicas, plazos y actores responsables. Se concluye que, las formas de mejorar el sistema de seguridad cibernética (como parte de la seguridad nacional), que actualizará los mecanismos legales de seguridad cibernética, crear infraestructura de seguridad cibernética a nivel global, establecer una interacción efectiva entre los actores de seguridad cibernética independientemente de su afiliación departamental y/o forma de propiedad, incluso con los propietarios de infraestructura crítica y de información de propiedad no estatal), están en su fase primaria.

Citas

BAKALINSKA, Olha; BAKALYNSKYI, Oleksandr. 2019. “Legal support for cyber security in Ukraine” In: Entrepreneurship, Economy and Law. No. 19, pp. 100-109.

BORYSOVA, Larysa. 2007. Transnational computer crimes as an object of forensic research. PhD Dissertation. Kyiv National University of Internal Affairs. Kyiv, Ukraine.

BRATEL, Serhii; MAKARENKO, Nataliia; BORTNYK, Valentyn; LEVCHENKO, Yurii, MYKYTCHYK, Andrii. 2021. “The Role of Rule-of-Law Institutions in Ensuring Information Security of Ukraine” In: Amazonia Investiga. Vol. 10, No. 39, pp. 238-244.

BYKOV, Valeriy; BUROV, Oleksandr; DEMENTIIEVSKA, Nina. 2019. “Cyber security in the digital learning environment” In: Information technologies and teaching aids. Vol. 70, No. 2, pp. 313-331.

DELESLINE, Nate. 2021. IT security and cybersecurity: What’s the difference? Available online. In: https://www.zdnet.com/education/computers- tech/difference-between-it-security-cybersecurity/. Consultation date: 11/12/2021.

DIORDITSA, Ihor; KATERYNCHUK, Kateryna; TELESTAKOVA, Armenui; NASTIUK, Andrii. 2021. “Cyberterrorism as a threat to the cyber security of Ukraine: a discussion of Theoretical Aspects” In: Amazonia Investiga. Vol. 10, No. 40, pp. 73-83.

DOVHAN, Oleksandr; DORONIN, Ivan. 2017. Escalation of cyber threats to the national interests of Ukraine and legal aspects of cyber defense: a monograph. Armtek Publishing House. Kyiv, Ukraine.

DUBOV, Dmytro. 2010. Current trends in cyber security policy: conclusions for Ukraine. Analytical note. Available online. In: http://www.niss.gov.ua/ articles/294/. Consultation date: 11/12/2021.

KOSINOVA, Daryna; IVCHUK, Kateryna; CHERNIAVSKYI, Oleksandr. 2021. “Legal analysis of the current state and trends in the development of the EU and Ukrainian legislation in the area of cyber security”

In: International Scientific Journal “Internauka”, Series: Juridical Sciences. Available online. In: https://www.inter-nauka.com/issues/ law2021/4/7119. Consultation date: 11/12/2021.

LAW OF UKRAINE NO. 2163-VIII. 2017. On the Basic Principles of Cyber security in Ukraine. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/ show/2163-19#Text. Consultation date: 11/12/2021.

LAW OF UKRAINE NO. 2469-VIII. 2018. On National Security of Ukraine, Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, 21 June 2018. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2469- 19#Text. Consultation date: 11/12/2021.

LAW OF UKRAINE NO. 3475-IV. 2006. On the State Service for Special Communications and Information Protection of Ukraine. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Kyiv, Ukraine. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/3475-15#Text. Consultation date: 11/12/2021.

LETTER OF THE STATE SERVICE FOR SPECIAL COMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATION PROTECTION OF UKRAINE NO. 05/02-526. 2019. Protocol of joint actions of the key actors in cybersecurity, cyberdefence actors and owners (managers) of critical information infrastructure facilities and in preventing, detecting, ceasing cyber-attacks and cyber incidents, as well as eliminating their consequences. Available online. In: http://www.drs.gov.ua/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/5606.pdf. Consultation date: 11/12/2021.

LIHA.TECH. 2021. The National Security and Defense Council has adopted the Strategy for the development of cyber security in Ukraine for 5 years. Available online. In: https://tech.liga.net/technology/novosti/ snbo-prinyal-strategiyu-razvitiya-kiberbezopasnosti-ukrainy-na-5-let. Consultation date: 11/12/2021.

LOPEZ, Julia. 2022. 2022 cyber security incentives and regulation review. GOV.UK. Available online. In: https://www.gov.uk/government/ publications/2022-cyber-security-incentives-and-regulation- review/2022-cyber-security-incentives-and-regulation-review. Consultation date: 11/12/2021.

ORDER NO. 94. Procedure for coordinating the activities of public authorities, local governments, military formations, enterprises, institutions and organizations, regardless of ownership, to prevent, detect and eliminate the effects of unauthorized actions on State information resources in information, telecommunications and information and
telecommunication systems of the administration of the state service for special communications and information protection of Ukraine. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Kyiv, Ukraine. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z0603-08. Consultation date: 11/12/2021.

ORDER OF THE CABINET OF MINISTERS OF UKRAINE NO. 1009-R. 2017. The concept of establishing the State system of critical infrastructure protection, Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine,
06 December 2017. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/ laws/show/1009-2017-%D1%80?lang=en#Text. Consultation date: 11/12/2021.

ORDER OF THE PRESIDENT OF UKRAINE NO. 242/2016. 2016. On the National Coordination Center for Cyber Security. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Kyiv, Ukraine. Available online. In: https:// zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/242/2016#Text. Consultation date: 11/12/2021.

ORDER OF THE PRESIDENT OF UKRAINE NO. 447/2021. 2021. On the decision of the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine “On the Cyber Security Strategy of Ukraine”. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Kyiv, Ukraine. Available online. In: https://www.president. gov.ua/documents/4472021-40013. Consultation date: 11/12/2021.

ORDER OF THE PRESIDENT OF UKRAINE No. 96/2016. 2016. On the Cyber Security Strategy of Ukraine. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, 15 March 2016. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada. gov.ua/laws/show/96/2016. Consultation date: 11/12/2021.

PRESS-CENTER OF THE NATIONAL SECURITY AND DEFENSE COUNCIL OF UKRAINE. 2021. The Working Group at the National Coordination Center for Cyber Security of the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine approved the draft Cyber Security Strategy of Ukraine for 2021 – 2025. Available online. In: https://www.ukrinform.ru/rubric- society/3202073-rabocaa-gruppa-pri-snbo-odobril-proekt-strategii- kiberbezopasnosti.html. Consultation date: 11/12/2021.

STANISLAVSKYI, Taras. 2020. The development of cyber security public administration’s mechanisms. PhD Dissertation. The Training of Personnel Institute of the State Employment Service of Ukraine. Kyiv, Ukraine.

SUSHKO, Olga. 2021. What Is Cybersecurity and Why Is It Important? Clario. Available online. In: https://clario.co/blog/what-is-cyber-security/. Consultation date: 11/12/2021.