Use of information and communication technologies in democratic processes

Uso de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación en los procesos democráticos

• Nina Rohatynska Western Ukrainian National University, Ternopil, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0617-6114
• Oleh Butkov Luhansk State University of Internal Affairs named after E.O. Didorenko, IvanoFrankivsk, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8878-2438
• Olena Butkova Luhansk State University of Internal Affairs named after E.O. Didorenko, IvanoFrankivsk, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0941-1004
• Maryna Burdonosova Law State University of Infrastructure and Technologies, Kyiv, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1050-6892
• Tetiana Sukhorebra State University of Trade and Economics, Vinnytsia, Ukraine.  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2918-4574

DOI: https://doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.4075.13

Palabras clave: tecnologías de la información y la comunicación, democracia electrónica, gobierno electrónico, administración pública, evaluación de impacto ambiental

Resumen

El artículo revela la esencia de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación, da posiciones científicas sobre la definición del mencionado concepto y examina el lugar de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación en los procesos democráticos modernos. Se determinó que las modernas tecnologías de la información y la comunicación son la base del funcionamiento del gobierno electrónico y del voto electrónico y otras formas de democracia electrónica. Se revela la influencia de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación en la efectividad de la política estatal, se centra la atención en la importancia de la cooperación efectiva entre autoridades y sociedad civil gracias a los recursos electrónicos de última generación e Internet. Además, se determinan las posibilidades de participación directa de los ciudadanos en la gestión de las estructuras estatales y no estatales. En las conclsuiones, se señalan los factores que dificultan (hacen imposible) la implementación de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación en el ámbito de la administración pública o, que la imposibilitan en absoluto, sobre cuya base se analizan las perspectivas de materializar el potencial de modernización en una sociedad  democrática moderna basada en los principios de apertura y retroalimentación.

Citas

12 PROJECTS IN THE FIELD OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION WERE INCLUDED IN THE COUNTRY’S DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION PLAN. 2021. Available online. In: https://mepr.gov.ua/news/36859. html Consultation date: 19/05/2022.

BURDONOSOVA, Maryna. 2021. “Development of blockchain technology for effective interaction of civil society and state” In: Scientific Journal of Polonia University. Vol. 44, No. 1, pp. 178-186.

CABINET OF MINISTERS OF UKRAINE. 2013. Order of the № 386-r. On Approval Of The Information Society Development Strategy In Ukraine. Available online. In: http://zakon. rada.gov.ua/ laws / show / 386-2013- р. Consultation date: 06/07/2022.

CENTER OF MODERNIZATION SOLUTIONS. N/Y. How to modernize democracy: challenges and prospects for e-democracy. Available online. In: http:// www.liberty.ru/Themes/Kak-nam-modernizirovat- demokratiyu-vyzovy-i-perspektivy-elektronnoj-demokratii. Consultation date: 06/06/2022.

DORODEYKO, Anna. 2011. «Big society», small authorities. Available online. In: https://www.bbc.co.uk/russian/radio/radio_5etazh/2011/02/110220_5floor. Consultation date: 06/06/2022.

DRAFT LAW OF UKRAINE NO. 2009A. 2015. About environmental impact assessment. Available online. In: http://w1.c1.rada.gov.ua/pls/zweb2/ webproc4_1?pf3511=55438. Consultation date: 19/06/2022.

DUBOV, Dmytro. 2010. Information society in Ukraine: global challenges and national opportunities. National Institute of Strategic Studies. NISD. Kyiv, Ukraine.

ELECTRONIC DEMOCRACY: FOR THE FIRST TIME IN UKRAINE. 2008. Available online. In: http://gurt.org.ua/news/events/266/. Consultation date: 06/04/2022.

EMELYANENKO, Olena. 2008. “Traditional Government and e-Government: Conceptual Differences” In: Viche. Journal of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. No. 2, pp. 20-22.

ICT FOR LOCAL GOVERNMENT: HANDBOOK. 2007. E-Governance Academy. Available online. In: https://ega.ee/wpcontent/ uploads/2015/02/project_ICT_for_Local_Government.pdf Consultation date: 06/07/2022.

KALYNOVSKYI, Bohdan; KHALOTA, Andrii; HORODNYTSKYI, Pavlo; RADOMSKA, Daryna. 2022. “Parliament Ukraine. Use of electronic forms of direct democracy: international experience and perspective ukrainians: Uso de formas electrónicas de democracia directa: experiencia internacional y perspectiva Ucranianas” In: Cuestiones Políticas. Vol. 40, No. 72, pp. 222-244.

LAW OF UKRAINE. 2017. No. 2059-VIII. About Environmental Impact Assessment.. Available online. In: https://ips.ligazakon.net/document/ view/t172059?an=0&ed=2022_05_13. Consultation date: 19/07/2022.

LAW OF UKRAINE. 2017. № 797-r. On Approval of The Concept of The Development of Electronic Democracy in Ukraine and The Plan of Measures for Its Implementation. Official Gazette of Ukraine. 2017, № 92. p. 75, art. 2803.

LOBOYKO, Serhiy; NAKHOD, Mykhailo. 2017. Tools of e-democracy in the cities of Ukraine. Information and analytical guide. Kyiv, Ukraine.

MAKHNACHOVA, Natalia. 2018. E-democracy as an institution for the development of civil society and effective partnership in the public sphere. Available online. In: http://www.dy.nayka.com.ua/ pdf / 10_2018 / 25.pdf. Consultation date: 06/05/2022.

MOON, Jae. 2002. “The Evolution of E-Government Among Municipalities: Rhetoric or Reality” In: Public Administration Review. Vol. 4, No. 62, pp. 424 - 433.

OECD. 2003. OECD e-Government Studies: The e-Government Imperative. OECD Publishing. Available online. In: https://doi. org/10.1787/19901054. Consultation date: 06/07/2022.

RECOMMENDATION CM / REC. 2009. Of The Committee Of Ministers To Member States On Electronic Democracy (E-Democracy) (Adopted by the Committee of Ministers on 18 February 2009 at the 1049th meeting of the Ministers’ Deputies). Available online. In: http: / /www. coe.int/t/dgap/democracy/Activities/ GGIS/CAHDE/Default_en.asp. Consultation date: 06/05/2022.

RECOMMENDATIONS BASED ON THE RESULTS OF THE NATIONAL CONFERENCE: “PRESIDENTIAL AND PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS OF 2019 IN UKRAINE”. 2020. Bulletin of the Central Election Commission. February 2020. pp. 24-28.

REINSALU, Kristina. 2010. Handbook on E-Democracy. Tampere, Finland. RESOLUTION OF THE CABINET OF MINISTERS OF UKRAINE. 2008. No. 976. On The Approval Of The Procedure For Supporting The Conduct Of Public Examination Of The Activities Of Executive Authority Bodies. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/976-2008- %D0%BF#Text. Consultation date: 19/06/2022.

RESOLUTION OF THE CABINET OF MINISTERS OF UKRAINE. 2010. No. 996. On Ensuring Public Participation In The Formation And Implementation Of State Policy. Available online. In: https://zakon. rada.gov.ua/laws/show/996-2010-%D0%BF#Text Consultation date: 19/06/2022.

SHPAK, Nestor. 2012. Advantages of using information and communication technologies in Ukraine. In: Bulletin of the National University «. Polytechnic». No. 727. Lviv, Ukraine.

SKRYPNYUK, Oleksndr. 2013. “Constitutional law and the theory of constitutional law of Ukraine: theoretical and methodological problems” In: Bulletin of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. Vol. 73, No. 2, рр. 108-114.

THE CONCEPT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF E-GOVERNMENT IN UKRAINE. 2017. Approved by the order of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No. 649. Official Gazette of Ukraine. No. 78.

THE LAW OF UKRAINE. 1992. About Information. (Vedomosti of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (VVR) No. 48, Article 650). No. 2658-XII dated 02.10.92 Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/ show/2657-12#Text Consultation date: 19/09/2022.

TOMKOVA, Jordanka; HUTKII, Dmytro. 2017. “Analytical notes on effective e-government” In: Implementing e-democracy: A range of tools and choices. No. 2, p. 10.

TRETYAK, Taras. 2015. Environmental impact assessment procedure in the draft Law of Ukraine «On environmental impact assessment». Available online. In: http://lcslaw.knu.ua/index.php/arkhiv-nomeriv/1-10-2015/ item/204-protsedura-otsinky-vplyvu-na-dovkillya-u-proekti-zakonu- ukrayiny-pro-otsinku-vplyvu-na-dovkillya-tretiak-t-o. Consultation date: 19/04/2022.

VERFASSUNGSGERICHTSHOF. Decision V 85-96 / 11-15. 2011. Available online. In: http://www.vfgh.gv.at. Consultation date: 06/05/2022.

ZAVALNYUK, Ilona. 2021. How the paperless mode and global digitization will work in Ukraine. Available online. In: https://ua.news/ua/technologies/ kosmicheskoe-komandovanie-ssha-sozdaet-strukturu-dlya-zashhity- svoih-sputnikov Consultation date: 19/09/2022. Consultation date: 19/05/2022.