Ukraine’s security and Pakistan’s security: mechanisms to overcome threats
La seguridad de Ucrania y la seguridad de Pakistán: mecanismos para superar las amenazas
Resumen
La esfera de la seguridad juega un papel importante en la política interior y exterior de los Estados. En este sentido, el objeto del estudio fueron las amenazas a la seguridad que determinan la estabilidad en Ucrania y Pakistán. Los autores utilizaron el método de análisis comparativo para establecer paralelismos entre la seguridad de Ucrania y Pakistán e identificar posibles formas de mejorarla. Se concluye que, aunque Ucrania como Pakistán están bastante distantes geopolíticamente, tienen historias y procesos de construcción del Estado diferentes, se ven afectados por amenazas de seguridad tradicionales y “no tradicionales”. Definitivamente, el principal factor unificador de los Estados es el estado antagonista o “enemigo”: India para Pakistán y Rusia para Ucrania, que se convierte en un catalizador para la formación de la identidad nacional y la unidad de la sociedad. Los conflictos en Pakistán (Cachemira, Beluchistán y Pastunistán) y Ucrania (guerra en Donbass, anexión ilegal de Crimea por parte de la Federación Rusa) han tenido consecuencias comunes y mecanismos para superarlos, que se implementan en el contexto de la política interna y estatal de tanto en Kiev como en Islamabad.
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