Revista
de la
Universidad
del Zulia
Fundada en 1947
por el Dr. Jesús Enrique Lossada
DEPÓSITO LEGAL ZU2020000153
ISSN 0041-8811
E-ISSN 2665-0428
Ciencias del
Agro,
Ingeniería
y Tecnología
Año 15 N° 42
Enero - Abril 2024
Tercera Época
Maracaibo-Venezuela
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The Creative Development of Green Ecotourism Concept as a Sustainable
Development Factor
Valentyna Voronkova*
Vitalina Nikitenko**
Roman Oleksenko***
Alla Cherep****
Oleksandr Cherep*****
Halina Harbar******
ABSTRACT
The purpose of the research is the theoretical and practical aspects of the formation of the
concept of green ecotourism as a digital developmental creative technology. The research
methodology of green ecotourism concept as a sustainable development factor can be analyzed
using the following methods: 1) Data science - analysis and processing of travel agency data in
digital form; 2) Data Mining, which includes data extraction, intelligent data analysis, in-depth
data analysis aimed at expanding and personalizing customer data for further touristic
business development; 3) Big data methods; 4) Agile method for improving digital technologies;
6) Scrum methods for analyzing rural green ecotourism phenomenon. Researching result. 1.The
historical prerequisites for the green ecotourism formation as a social and cultural phenomenon
and dynamic process are analyzed. 2. The essence of the revitalization concept of rural areas
with expanding opportunity aim of the culture and tourism industry has been clarified. 3. The
directions of the ecotourism development as a sustainable development economic factor have
been identified. 4. The ecosystem is revealed as a complete natural system for the ecotourism
development.
KEYWORDS: Green ecotourism, sustainable development, ecological environment, ecotourism
management, biodiversity.
* Zaporizhzhia National University, Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine. ORCID iD: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0719-
1546. E-mail: valentinavoronkova236@gmail.com
** Zaporizhzhia National University, Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine. ORCID iD: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9588-
7836. E-mail: vitalina2006@ukr.net
*** Volodymyr Vynnychenko Central Ukrainian State University, Kropyvnytskyi, Ukraine. ORCID iD:
https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-2171-514X. E-mail: roman.xdsl@ukr.net
**** Zaporizhzhia National University, Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine. ODCID iD: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-
5253-7481. E-mail: cherep.av.znu@gmail.com
***** Zaporizhzhia National University, Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine
.
ODCID iD: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-
3098-0105. E-mail: cherep2508@gmail.com
****** Separate Subdivision “Mykolaiv Branch of the Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts”,
Mykolaiv, Ukraine. ORCID iD: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4750-3361. E-mal: garbargalina12@gmail.com
Recibido:05/09/2023 Aceptado: 01/11/2023
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El desarrollo creativo del concepto de Ecoturismo verde como factor de
desarrollo sostenible
RESUMEN
El propósito del estudio son los aspectos teóricos y prácticos de la formación del concepto
de ecoturismo verde como una tecnología creativa de desarrollo digital. La metodología de
investigación del concepto de ecoturismo verde como factor de desarrollo sostenible se
puede analizar utilizando los siguientes métodos: 1) Ciencia de datos: análisis y
procesamiento de datos de agencias de viajes en formato digital; 2) Análisis inteligente de
datos, que incluye extracción de datos, análisis inteligente de datos, análisis profundo de
datos destinado a ampliar y personalizar los datos de los clientes para un mayor desarrollo
del negocio turístico; 3) Métodos de big data; 4) Método ágil para mejorar las tecnologías
digitales; 6) Métodos Scrum para analizar el fenómeno del ecoturismo verde rural.
Resultado de la investigación. 1. Se analizan los prerrequisitos históricos para la formación
del ecoturismo verde como fenómeno sociocultural y proceso dinámico. 2. Se ha aclarado la
esencia del concepto de revitalización de las zonas rurales con el objetivo de ampliar las
oportunidades de la industria cultural y turística. 3. Se determinan las direcciones del
desarrollo del ecoturismo como factor económico del desarrollo sostenible. 4. El ecosistema
se revela como un sistema natural completo para el desarrollo del ecoturismo.
PALABRAS CLAVE: Ecoturismo verde, desarrollo sostenible, entorno ecológico, gestión del
ecoturismo, biodiversidad.
Introduction
The relevance of the research of the concept of green sustainable development
ecotourism factor is related to the uniqueness of the man and nature ecological system
formation, ecological experience, eco-education and eco-culture, eco-philosophy and eco-
cognition, necessary for creative travel and obtaining physical and spiritual pleasure.
Green ecotourism is a form of tourism aimed at preserving nature and balanced
development of local communities. It is gaining more and more popularity due to the
growing environmental awareness in society. The creative development of green ecotourism
involves solving these shortcomings by implementing innovative approaches and strategies
that contribute to the preservation of nature and sustainable development of local
communities. The main emphasis is on balanced development, biodiversity and local
cultural value preservation, as well as the environmental standard implementation to
reduce the negative impact on the environment.
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For more than 40 years, the ecotourism development has undoubtedly become
successful, with an average annual growth rate about 20%, which is the fastest growing
part of touristic products. In 1990, the International Ecotourism Association defined
tourism behavior as one that protects the environment and improves the well-being of local
residents in a particular natural area. The main content of the ecotourism concept is the
responsible touristic behavior of a person in a certain natural green zone, for which a
person must have ecological awareness and like to learn about tourism as a "second culture".
A person should enjoy and appreciate the historical, existing natural and cultural
landscapes, should not disturb the natural area, protect the ecological environment, reduce
the negative impact on tourism, while providing useful socio-cultural and educational
activities. Two main objects are defined for ecotourism: 1) ecotourism objects are natural
landscapes; 2) ecotourism facilities must not be damaged. In ecological crisis context,
which appeared as the survival of people in this crisis situation, there was an awakening of
the ecological people consciousness, the green movement and it’s consumption, that covers
the world.
The concept of green sustainable development ecotourism factor spreads rapidly in
the world, its connotation was constantly enriched. In current deterioration view of
people's living environment, the tourism industry begins with a "return to natural tourism",
"green tourism", "cultural tourism" with various creative technologies use in order to
implement them for the touristic industry development. The concept of green sustainable
development ecotourism factor defines it as "protective tourism" or "sustainable
developmental one", which can take place in the context of the creative technology
implementation. At the same time, the countries of their continents are forming the
ecological touristic concept in accordance with their national conditions and national
legislation, forming ecological tourism with their national characteristics. Western
developed countries with the best ecotourism development are the first to promote
ecotourism - the USA, Canada, Australia and other countries. Ecotourism sites in these
countries have changed from cultural landscapes and urban ones to "natural ones", defined
by Sebelos Rascari, which include both primitive nature and natural landscapes, which are
positioned as national parks with excellent natural ecosystems, dominated by virgin forests
that is forcing many developing countries to also become ecotourism destinations,
particularly Caribbean and African safari parks that have become tourist hot spots.
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1. Literature analysis
In 1980, the International Union for the Conservation of Natural Resources first
mentioned the sustainable development concept in the "World Program for the Natural
Resource Conservation", calling for a combination of protection and development, while
developing the economy to meet human needs and improve the human life quality. Using
the biosphere to meet the needs of both current and future generations has changed the
oppositely environmental protection and development view in the past.
In 1987, under the auspices of the Norway Prime Minister, Ms. Brundtland, the
World Council on Environment and Development (MCED) presented the report "Our
Common Future" to the United Nations, which comprehensively and fully describes the
sustainable development concept, that means meeting the ones of the present without
compromising the future generation ability to meet their own needs. In 1994, the United
States formulated an ecotourism development plan to meet the growing tourist demand for
ecotourism. Australia has spent 10 million Australian dollars on the implementation of a
national strategy for environmental development. The Mexican government has formulated
a "Tourism Plan for the 21st Century", ecotourism is a key project to promote this plan. The
Government of Kenya has formulated many important national development strategies,
among which ecotourism is considered as a key project.
In the process of developing ecotourism, many countries put forward different
slogans and initiatives, for example, the United Kingdom launched the "Green Tourism"
campaign, and the Japan Tourism Association held several seminars aimed at protecting the
environment and issued the "Declaration for Earth Protection." Kenya, an early ecotourism
development country, proposed a "Wildlife Development and Benefit Sharing Plan" during
the ecotourism development. The Philippines has not only developed ecotourism by
changing traditional fishing methods, but has also provided local residents with an
alternative source of income. The Australian Cooperative Touristic Department, the
Australian Touristic Association and other agencies have also issued an ecotouristic
guideline series. In addition, many countries have implemented a system of separation of
operations and management, and have introduced a licensing system to strengthen
management. With the convening of the World Climate Conference in Copenhagen, the
attention of the international community to ecology reached an unprecedented peak.
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Ecotourism was first proposed in 1983 by Ceballos-Lascurein, a special adviser to the
International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).
Today, the concepts of ecotourism are developed by O. Boyka, L. Bezkorovaina, V.
Wengerska, V. Voronkova, V. Nikitenko, N. Rybalchenko, T. Teslenko, A. Cherep, O.
Cherep, who in their works consider the clustering trends in Ukrainian touristic sphere
and ways out of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis (Nina Rybalchenko, Stanislav Bilohur,
Roman Oleksenko, Valentyna Voronkova, Iryna Verkhovod);
the creative digital technology use in the touristic field during the COVID-19
pandemic: economic and social consequences (N. Vengerska, V. Voronkova, Beskorovayna
L., A. Cherep);
the impact of creative innovative technologies on the sustainable touristic industry
development in Europe after the COVID-19 pandemic (A. Cherep, V. Voronkova, O. Cherep,
N. Vengerska, L. Bezkorovaina);
touristic industry management as a creative technology (V. Nikitenko); the influence
of creative innovative technologies on the sustainable touristic industry development in
Europe after the COVID-19 pandemic (N. Vengherska, V. Voronkova, A. Cherep, O. Cherep,
L. Bezkorovayna);
formation of a strategy for the development of rural green tourism in Ukraine (A.
Cherep, V. Voronkova, N. Wengerska); the influence of creative digital technologies on the
touristic business development in digitization and the digital transformation conditions of
the green touristic industry as a factor of sustainable development (V. Voroknova, V.
Nikitenko); social touristic business responsibility (R. Andryukaitene, V. Voronkova, V.
Nikitenko).
However, as the analysis shows, the ecovillage development in the development
context of green rural tourism, the international experience identification and the
ecotouristic analysis in certain EU countries and China, South Korea, Japan and others
remains an undefined problem.
2. Methodology of research
The formation of the green ecotourism concept as a factor in the balanced
development of local communities can be analyzed using the following methods: 1) Data
science - analysis and travel agency data processing in digital form); 2) the digital
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technology development as a Data Mining megatrend, which includes data mining,
intelligent data analysis, deep data analysis aimed at expanding and personalizing customer
data for the further touristic business development, in order to implement new features for
the customer profile and the direct communication development, monitoring the situation
in tourist organizations in connection with the bad customer behavior and adjusting prices
for tours; 3) Big-data methods use (graph method and topological analysis); 4) Agile
method improvement of creative smart rural green touristic technologies for balanced
sustainable development using the most modern methods; 6) using the Scrum methodology
to analyze the rural green ecotourism phenomenon in order to acquire know-how, acquire
digital skills, fulfill the successful training requirements of talented and engaged
professional workers within the project management methodology and business execution,
particularly in the development and implementation of projects. At the core of Scrum -
Scrum Six Sigma, Kanban, software engineering, Six Sigma, quality management, DevOps,
leadership, management, project management. Scrum is a framework used to implement an
agile method; 7) deep (machine) introduction of learning models in the touristic business
field, which improve the creative digital technological concept.
3. Results and discussion
3.1. Historical prerequisites for the green ecotourism formation as a social and
cultural phenomenon and a dynamic process
The World Wildlife Fund estimated that in 1988 tourism revenue in developing
countries was US$550 billion, of which ecotourism accounted for US$12 billion. In Costa
Rica, almost half of the international tourists received each year are ecotourists who want
to enjoy the rainforest. According to statistics from the World Touristic Organization,
18.5773 million international tourists visited Africa in 1994, a significant proportion of
which were ecotourists. In Western developed countries, it has become fashionable to go
out into nature on weekends and holidays.
Western developed countries attach great importance to the protection of tourist
objects in ecotourism activities. Ecotourism development should avoid practices that
damage the natural landscape, such as large-scale construction projects. Tourist traffic is
mainly by foot, tourist facilities are small and hidden among the trees, and accommodation
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is mostly tent camping. Governments do everything possible to minimize the impact of
tourism on tourist sites. It is no accident that ecotourism management has raised loud
slogans of environmental protection, such as "only footprints are left, and photographs are
taken", and some ecotourism destinations have been created to explain the secrets of nature
and protect nature, which are closely related to humans. Popular tourism activities allow
tourists to increase their environmental awareness while having fun, turning the
ecotourism area into a nature classroom to raise people's environmental awareness. In the
past, Western tourists loved to travel to tropical coasts for recreation and vacations. The
warm sun (sun), the blue sea (sea) and the comfortable sandy beach (sand) are unique to
the tropical coast, but not without the highly polluted environment. The body and mind of
tourists can be soothed, and its three components "sun, sea and sand" are the most
attractive tourist destination to which Westerners aspire. With the ecotourism
development and increased environmental awareness among tourists, the tourism hotspots
of Western tourists have shifted from "sun, sea and sand" to "nature" to nurture the
"nostalgia" complex of people who live in harmony and integration with nature. Therefore,
many tourist countries should pay more attention to the protection of natural landscapes
and sustainable tourism.
Mass tourism does not promote environmental protection, it does not promote
environmental responsibility, and it does not promote a fair distribution of interests among
stakeholders. Ecotourism is a model of sustainable tourism development. Compared to
mass tourism, it pays more attention to the protection of local nature and culture, and pays
more attention to the education of tourists. The level of consumption is higher than in
domestic mass tourism, it is a high-level tourism activity. So, judging by the current
situation, ecological tourism should be specialized, but can specialization bring such large
funds necessary for the protection of resources? Ecotourism is at an early stage of
development, immature in all aspects and subject to many limitations. The number of
people it hosts and the economic income are the main indicators of evaluation. This caused
a contradiction between ecotourism specialization and economic benefits. With the
ecological touristic development, the ecological touristic development standards has
various characteristics, and the number of certification projects has increased dramatically,
but some of them are being formed and promoted. There are still many certification systems
based on foreign classical certification systems, but the blind acceptance of the standards of
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imported developed countries is not conducive to the development and ecotourism
management. Since ecotourism in many countries is at an early development stage, it is
subject to many restrictions: government policies and regulations on the development,
construction, guarantee and ecotourism testing have not yet been adopted. There is no
optimized model for the ecotourism development operations and green management talents
in theory and practice; the community is a passive profit recipient, and the benefit
distribution mechanism is not perfect; objects of nature reserves, equipment, their
environmental assessment and capacity control, not yet resolved. This shows that the
managing ecotouristic method is still immature and is at the initial development stage. The
concept of green sustainable development ecotourism factor includes: 1) the need to
preserve the integrity of the ecosystem from the point of abiotic factor and ecological
processe view; 2) maintaining the natural ecosystem character to prevent biological
invasion, protecting ancient trees and native plant communities to prevent environmental
degradation; 3) attention to biodiversity, why have plans for the protection and
management of biodiversity and include it in the monitoring content; 4) biological
vegetation factor development, animal resources, for the wildlife cultivation for the
touristic development; carrying out water protection measures so that rare species of plants
and animals do not disappear. In the touristic demonstration zone, wild animal hunting is
not carried out and the ecological environment of wild animals is not destroyed, and the
sale of wild animal products is prohibited. The ecotourism concept should explore and
prevent biological hazards and biological invasions. The habitat in the conservation area is
combined with environmental construction projects, such as the greening of the
demonstration area in order to expand the suitable habitat. Research, record, and monitor
species, population status, dynamic distribution, and habitats of nationally protected wild
animals and plants, identify wildlife activity corridors, and design artificial corridors as
necessary, is the main implementing the concept task. Man-made structures in wildlife
must control lighting and noise at night, maintain the natural sky darkness, not disturb
wildlife and not cause obvious disturbance to nocturnal animals.
The concept of green sustainable development ecotourism factor comes from the fact
that it includes: 1) a unique natural landscape in the territory that has a high or high
aesthetic value, scientific research value, cultural value or the value of the human landscape
closely related to it, is relatively high; 2) high recreational value of ecological resources,
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since there is less human intervention in the demonstration zone, most of the territories are
natural territories; 3) specific resources are typical, representative and scarce and have a
great impact on the ecotourism development.
Table 1.The green ecotourism concept for the society and global digitalization
development: advantages and disadvantages
Function content
Advantages
Disadvantages
Conservation of
natural resources
Green ecotourism supports the
conservation of natural resources, as it
stimulates interest in the preservation of
ecosystems and natural places. This helps
prevent the devaluation of natural
attractions and preserve biodiversity.
Large number of tourists: An
uncontrolled flow of tourists can lead
to excessive tourist traffic, which can
damage natural ecosystems and local
cultural heritage.
Local economic
support
Green ecotourism can create new jobs and
support the development of small
businesses and local communities. It helps
support the local economy by increasing
the tourist flow and increase demand for
local goods and services.
Environmental degradation: Poor
management and neglect of nature
can lead to pollution, soil erosion,
increased waste and destruction of
landscapes.
Sociocultural
exchange
Green ecotourism can promote socio-
cultural exchange between tourists and
local residents. It promotes understanding
and respect for different cultures and
traditions, enriches cultural experience and
promotes international cooperation.
Change in local way of life: A large
influx of tourists can lead to a change
in the traditional way of life of local
residents, including increased
dependence on tourism and the
commercialization of local culture.
Balanced
development
Green ecotourism contributes to balanced
development, as it takes into account the
needs of nature and local communities, and
also ensures the sustainability of tourism
activities for future generations.
Infrastructure issues: Increased
tourist traffic can overburden
infrastructure, including roads, water
supply and drainage, which can lead
to degradation and wear and tear.
(formed by the authors)
3.2. The revitalization concept of the countryside to expand the opportunities of the
creative industry of culture and tourism
It is necessary to implement the revitalization rural area concept by expanding the
opportunities of the culture and tourism industry, "implementation of tourist boutique
projects in rural areas, strengthening quality promotion and modernization of rural guest
houses", "strengthening the maintenance of rural roads and security management,
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promoting the auxiliary facilitн integration and industrial parks along the road, develop
tourist scenic spots, integration construction of rural tourism key villages" and other work
tasks and target requirements for the cultural tourism industry. The concept of cultural
tourism actively serves ecotourism, actively takes responsibility for the rural area revival,
makes full use of the unique cultural touristic advantages, cultivates formats, creates brands,
strengthens the industry, and begins to make rural touristic brand, so as to promote the
rural touristic modernization and create a high one.
1. Promote business innovation and stimulate the rural tourism viability of, cultivate
new industries and formats in rural areas. Based on the traditional functions of agricultural
production, focus on environmental awareness, food safety, stress relief, develop ecological
food and other values, sports, recreation, photography, painting. to revitalize cultural
tourism, actively promote rural tourism, rural industry, folk activities and other diversified
integration, expand rural tourism service products and create a vivid rural tourism brand.
2. To form the charm of the village and create the brand of the country house,
implement the rural revitalization plan to expand the cultural industrial opportunities to
promote the rural family modernization. Green eco and cultural tourism contribute to the
revitalization of the village, continue to optimize the touristic product supply, form rural
entrepreneurial teams and develop creative industries in the countryside, cultivate a whole
industry chain format that integrates food, accommodation, travel, shopping and
entertainment and inclusive accommodation clusters in families, create local boutique-type
hotels and promote brand development, to improve infrastructure and improve the style of
rural tourism, strengthen rural road maintenance and safety management, promote the
construction of industrial parks, tourist attractions and rural tourism key villages along the
road, accelerate the construction of beautiful rural tourism landscapes and promote the
modernization of key rural tourist villages and model villages. Intensify the construction of
public tourism services such as rural tourism scenic roads, rest stations, parking lots,
tourist toilets and facilities for driverless tours, increase cultural elements and symbols,
increase comprehensive service functions, and promote the rural touristic development. To
cultivate rural talents and strengthen the driving rural touristic force. Emphasize the
touristic attraction to the village, activate local culture, promote the countryside
civilization.
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3. Form the digital village and remote work concept, perceiving it as a strategic
direction for the rural area revival and an important building part of digital tourism.
Promotion of digital application scenarios". This requires the village to achieve "5G
broadband access", the "digital divide" between urban and rural areas will be greatly
reduced, rural Internet penetration, mobile payment, 5G network coverage and express
delivery service coverage will increase significantly. The full release of the "digital dividend",
attracting digital workers or digital creative enterprises, stimulating community renewal,
industrial re-engineering and population agglomeration is the way to achieve the goal of
rural revitalization. The telecommuting system after the outbreak of the COVID-19
epidemic has improved telecommuting at home, telecommuting has broken the traditional
connection between the place of residence and the place of work, so that the creative class
can choose the place of work according to their own preferences and have more space to
choose the place of residence, which is contributed to the rural touristic development and
cultural and creative industries. The revitalization of rural areas has contributed to the
integrated rural touristic development and cultural and creative industries can effectively
promote the sustainable cultural touristic and rural regional economic development in my
country, further improve the living standards of residents in rural areas, and promote the
construction of a socialist beautiful village. As one of the important means creating
distinctive tourismtic brands in rural areas, cultural and creative industry integration and
tourism industries contributes to the urban and rural area integration and modern
development, that is in great importance.
The importance of the integrated rural touristic and cultural development and
creative industries against the background of the revival of the ecovillage. The strategy for
the ecotourism and ecovillage revival is a very important strategy put forward by the state
to promote the overall development of rural areas, reduce the gap between the city and the
countryside, and further raise the standard of living of rural residents. In order to effectively
contribute to the problem-free implementation of the village revitalization strategy, the
development of creative industries in countryside should be promoted. The integration of
rural touristic with cultural and creative industries is an important direction to promote
the rural industry development and touristic, to promote identity improvement of cultural
and creative ones, which attracts many tourists. For the rural touristic development and
cultural and creative ones in rural areas, it is necessary to further improve the touristic
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constructive projects and infrastructure in rural areas to attract more tourists. A tourist
eco-village needs the green construction development, green economy and green
management, to use cultural resources in rural areas. In general, the creative development of
green ecotourism depends on a smart nature-preserving approach combination, local
cooperation and innovative strategies, the rural area revival and the expansion of
opportunities for the creative industry of culture and tourism. Providing a balanced
approach will help ensure the preservation of nature and cultural values, promote the
development of local communities and create a positive impact of ecotourism on the natural
environment.
3.3. Ecotourism as a sustainable creative development factor
Creative development is a prerequisite and basis for the ecotourism development,
improving the goals and human life quality. Creative development is a necessity and a basis
for the ecotourism development to achieve this goal. Ecotourism connotation should
include two aspects: 1) return to nature, travel and explore the ecological environment; 2)
to contribute to the healthy functioning of the natural ecosystem, to contribute to the
protection of the environment; 3) maintain the sustainability of the tourist resource use and
protect the biodiversity in touristic places; 4) provide funds for the protection of the
ecological environment in touristic places; 5) increase economic benefits from tourists; 6)
increase community residents' environmental protection awareness in tourist destinations.
To better achieve this goal, ecotourism should encourage local residents to actively
participate in order to promote local economic development and improve the life quality of
local residents. Only after economic development can we pay attention to nature and
develop ecotourism. Emphasis should also be placed on environmental education for
tourists, who should pay more attention to nature and protect it, as well as understand the
meaning of the basic nature laws. The creative ecotourism development fulfills three urgent
tasks: 1) the economic aspect should stimulate economic viability and reduce poverty; 2)
the social aspect should create jobs for the most vulnerable sections of the population; 3)
the environmental aspect, which provides the necessary financial resources for the
preservation of natural and cultural resources. Everyone involved in ecotourism must work
together to achieve these three important goals.” The main touristic development directions
are: 1) ecotourism destinations are protected natural and cultural ecosystems; 2)
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ecotourism emphasizes the miniaturization of the scale of tourism, which is limited by the
range of accessibility, which is beneficial to the tourists' sightseeing quality and will not
cause significant damage to tourism; 3) ecotourism can allow tourists to take a personal
part in it, understand ecotourism secrets in real experience, thus, love nature more, which
also contributes to the natural and cultural resource protection; 4) ecotourism is a type of
responsible tourism and these responsibilities include responsibility for the protection of
touristic resources, responsibility for the sustainable touristic development. As these
ecotourism characteristics can meet the needs of tourism demand and tourism supply, the
growth of ecotourism becomes possible. The ultimate ecotourism goal development is
sustainability, and sustainable development is a crucial criterion for evaluating the
sustainable development meaning, which can be seen as the ecotourism resource
management using the theory and sustainable development methods, ensuring the its
economic, social and environmental benefits of this sites to meet the modern people needs
and promote nature conservation and ecological sustainable development.
3.4. Ecosystem as an integral natural system of ecotourism development
Since the ecosystem object is mainly a relatively intact natural ecosystem, the
sustainable development of the natural ecosystem should become an important content of
the ecotourism development. The ecotourism system mainly consists of two parts, the
living environment and the non-living environment. A biological community in a system is a
living system, including producers, consumers, and decomposers; abiotic environment - a
non-living system, including: sunlight, air, water, soil and inorganic substances, that
together create a rich attractive ecotourism sphere. The natural ecosystem as a good and
rich natural ecological environment is an ecotourism goal. The natural ecosystem cannot
tolerate the consumption depletion, so everyone, whether a business developer, a person
who makes management decisions, or a tourist, has an inescapable responsibility to protect
the natural ecology. They must understand and protect the integral natural ecotourism
development system. This protection type of the ecological environment not only supports
the normal development and cycle stability of natural ecosystem, but also includes the
system support of harmonious coexistence between man and nature, respect for local
culture, and protection of tourist facilities. Promoting the sustainable economic and social
ecotourism development sites is an important ecotourism goal, which manifests itself at
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two levels: the individual level of the residents of the tourist destination and the general
social, economic and cultural levels. Residents of tourist destinations are the main part in
social culture of tourist destinations and have the right to support their own good
development. Therefore, the ecotourism development should allow local residents directly
participate in the management and service provision. From the economic aspect, such
participation enables them to obtain significant economic profits, which can effectively
contribute to the economic development of tourist destinations; from the social aspect, the
development and penetration of tourism into the local territory has broadened the horizons
of local residents, improved their quality and can be integrated into modern civilization
more quickly. From an environmental perspective, the maintenance and impact of local
residents on the natural environment is more direct than from tourists. So, briefly the
ecotourism development has enabled local residents to protect resources scientifically,
economically and technologically. At the general level, the healthy ecotourism development
is economically beneficial for promoting the sustainable growth of the tourism economy
and the constant infusion of new development funds into the local economy; from the point
of environmental protection view, can provide financial support for the protection and
natural environmental management. Raising environmental protection awareness among
tourism operators, tourists and local residents; promoting the fair social benefit
distribution and increasing employment opportunities for residents, etc., all of which will
effectively contribute to the overall social, economic and cultural ecotourism development
destinations Progress and coordinated development. Edit the broadcast. Many countries
engaged in the ecotourism development strictly control the number of tourists entering
ecotourism areas, constantly monitoring human behavior impact on the natural ecology, use
professional technologies to minimize waste disposal, conserve water resources and other
means to achieve the goal. An ecosystem is an interconnected living organisms complex
(such as plants, animals, microorganisms) and their inanimate surrounding natural
environment (atmosphere, water, soil). It is natural balance basis and ecosystem
functioning, ensuring stable and balanced functioning of all living things.
In conclusion green ecotourism is a form of tourism aimed at preserving the natural
environment and ecologically appropriate touristic development methods. The main
integrated ecotourism goal is the most complete consideration of the interests and local
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population needs, natural resource preservation and biodiversity of the territory where
tourism is developed.
Table 2: Ecosystems and their characteristics in the development context of green
ecotourism
Content of the
function
Characteristic
Direction of development
1. Biodiversity
Ecosystems are usually characterized by
high biodiversity, as they include a variety
of plant and animal species and interact
with non-living environmental
components.
Green ecotourism can help preserve
this biodiversity and restore
ecosystems.
2. Cultural value
Ecosystems often have great cultural
significance for the local population, which
is closely connected with nature and
traditionally depends on it for its existence.
Conservation of ecosystems helps to
maintain cultural heritage and
traditions.
3.Ecological balance
Ecosystems have a complex balance
between living and non-living components
that allows for a certain sustainability and
stability level.
Maintaining this balance is an
important prerequisite for the healthy
functioning of ecosystems and
ensuring the well-being of the local
population.
4.Economic
potential
Green ecotourism can create opportunities
for sustainable local economic development
by attracting tourists who appreciate
unspoiled natural landscapes and want to
support the preservation of ecosystems.
Economic potential can stimulate
investment in infrastructure,
development of small businesses and
jobs.
(formed by the authors)
Conclusion
Tourism is a field of services that satisfies the spiritual and cultural needs of people,
which makes tourism not only a labor-intensive industry, but also creative and intensive.
However, for the successful fragmented ecotourism development, it is necessary to adhere
to sustainable development principles, ensure proper management of tourism activities and
preserve the ecological ecosystem integrity. This can ensure lasting environmental and
economic success for local communities and preserve valuable natural resources for future
generations.
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Table 3.
Advantages and disadvantages in green ecotourism development
Function content
Advantages
Disadvantages
Education and
cognitive aspect:
Green ecotourism can promote conscious
perception of natural processes and the
environment. Tourists get the opportunity
to see unique natural phenomena, research
rare plants and animals, and learn about the
importance of preserving natural resources.
Increased stress on nature: Intensive
tourism can lead to increased stress
on natural resources such as water,
forests and wildlife. This can create
an imbalance in the ecosystem and
cause damage to nature, which cannot
recover as quickly.
Involvement in
nature conservation
Tourists' interest in preserving nature and
ecosystems can stimulate support for
environmental initiatives and programs.
The opportunity to observe living nature
inspires people to care for it and engage in
active environmental actions.
Destruction of natural places:
Improperly designed ecotourism can
lead to the destruction of natural
places, particularly in the case of ill-
conceived arrangements of hotels,
trails and infrastructure. This can lead
to the biodiversity and natural
resource loss.
Support of local
communities
Green ecotourism can provide new
opportunities for local residents,
particularly in the field of services,
agriculture, crafts and the development of
cultural tourism. This can contribute to the
local community development and reduce
dependence on homogeneous economic
sources.
Changing cultural values: A
significant tourist number can lead to
a change in local culture, customs and
traditions, especially if insufficient
attention is paid to the cultural
approach in tourism development.
This can affect the local community’s
identity and destroy unique cultural
aspects.
Balance in the green
ecotourism
development
It is important to balance the green
ecotourism development, adhering to
sustainable development principles,
preserving ecosystems and taking into
account the local community interests.
Risk of pollution: A large number of
tourists can lead to an increase in
environmental pollution, including
waste, used materials and transport
emissions.
(formed by the authors)
Without unique, new and practical ideas, it will be difficult to complete the
transition from touristic resources to experiential products, from sensory stimulation to
spiritual enjoyment, and it will be impossible to improve the competitiveness of tourism
destinations and increase the brand destination value. Compared to cities that are open and
inclusive, rich in talent and active in creativity, there is a big gap between creative talent
and environment in rural areas, which has become one of the shortcomings that limit the
touristic development quality and overall countryside revitalization. Creativity is an
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intangible production factor, usually contained in various talents and represented through
material media. Creativity goes to the village is the main ecotourism development brand in
the village, it is necessary to find a reference point to establish channels and improve
ecovillage development mechanism in practice. For the seed of creativity to really take root,
blossom and bear fruit, must have the right soil, water and sunlight, as well as hard-
working gardeners and people who protect the greenery and enjoy flowers. For rural areas
truly realize ideas, create benefits and stimulate development, it is necessary to strengthen
innovative concepts, systems and methods, improve organizational mobilization, resource
integration and interest coordination capabilities, establish high-quality services and
guarantees for the implementation and creative ideas transformation. Given the great
differences in natural and cultural environments, educational and technological levels,
Rural revitalization foundations and tourism development stages in different regions, it is
necessary to actively explore diversified, localized and characteristic practicing "creativity
going to the countryside "methods.
Practical recommendations
1. An important creative development green ecotourism aspect is environmental
education provision and awareness raising among tourists and local residents. The more
people understand the importance of nature conservation, the more initiatives will be taken
for a balanced use of resources.
2. The use of environmentally friendly technologies and resource-saving practices in
hotels, restaurants, vehicles and other tourist infrastructures can help reduce the impact on
the environment and natural resourceuse.
3. It is important to include local communities in the decision-making process
regarding the touristic development in their regions. Partnership with local residents will
help ensure a more equitable benefit distribution from tourism and ensure the traditions
and cultural value preservation.
4. Unique and attractive ecological attractions development can attract tourists who
have an interest in nature conservation and exploring new places. This can contribute to
the ecotourism development and stimulate interest in natural resource preservation.
5. It is important to ensure a controlled tourist flow, especially in sensitive
ecosystems. This will help to avoid overloading and preserve the integrity of nature.
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6. Support for innovative projects and startups in green ecotourism field can
accelerate new approach development and technologies aimed at preserving the
environment.
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