Evaluation of ozonated oil and centella asiatica extract on excisional wound healing in Mice

• Eyup Tolga Akyol Balikesir University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Surgery. Cagis Campus, Balikesir, 10145, Türkiye. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9775-7557
• Cengiz Ceylan Balikesir University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Surgery. Cagis Campus, Balikesir, 10145, Türkiye. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6509-4675
• Mustafa Usta Balikesir University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Surgery. Cagis Campus, Balikesir, 10145, Türkiye. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3346-9097
• Musa Karaman Balikesir University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology. Cagis Campus, Balikesir, 10145, Türkiye. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0363-6285
• Fatma İlhan Balikesir University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology. Cagis Campus, Balikesir, 10145, Türkiye. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6721-6111
• Muharrem Erol Balikesir University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Surgery. Cagis Campus, Balikesir, 10145, Türkiye. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0780-9067

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52973/rcfcv-e361810

Keywords: Centella asiatica, Madecassol, mice, ozone, wound

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of two topical treatments on wound healing in BALB/c mice: ozonated oil and an Centella asiatica extract. On days 3, 7, 14, and 21, the inflammatory response, re–epithelialization, collagen deposition, and the expression of growth factors such as Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, and Transforming Growth Factor– beta were assessed in order to evaluate healing. When compared to the control, VetOzon and Madecassol both markedly elevated Transforming Growth Factor–beta and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor expression in the first phase. By day 7, Madecassol encouraged more advanced re–epithelialization and fibrosis, while VetOzon produced a more marked inflammatory response, which was necessary to start the healing cascade. The superiority of both treatments was evident by day 14, where they achieved complete re–epithelialization, a milestone the control group had not reached. Notably, Madecassol demonstrated significantly higher collagen deposition than both VetOzon and the control on days 14 and 21, indicating superior extracellular matrix synthesis. By day 21, wounds treated with either agent showed advanced remodeling with reduced cellularity and hair follicle regeneration, while control wounds appeared stalled in an earlier healing phase. In conclusion, both agents effectively accelerate cutaneous wound healing, but through complementary pathways. VetOzon acts as an early–phase inflammatory catalyst, making it potentially suitable for chronic or infected wounds, whereas Madecassol functions as a sustained anabolic stimulator, positioning it as an ideal agent for promoting high–quality, regenerative healing in clean wounds.

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