Pathogenicity of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. nicotinae and F. phyllophilum in tobacco in the Granma region, Cuba
Keywords:
distribution, disease, fungi, intensity
Abstract
Diseases caused by Fusarium spp. are considered cosmopolitan and affect a great diversity of crops worldwide. In the tobacco-growing areas of Granma province, located in eastern Cuba, these phytopathological problems cause significant losses in tobacco leaf yield and quality. To address this critical issue, a comprehensive study was conducted, focusing on disease monitoring and the identification of tobacco seeds and seedlings (cv. Corojo 2012) affected by the diseases. The study also examined the variables associated with the severity of the diseases. The results of the study indicated that the vascular wilt was caused by two distinct fungal pathogens: F. oxysporum f. sp. nicotinae and F. phyllophilum. The study revealed that the disease exhibited levels of recurrence in both space and time, reaching up to 62 % necrosis in seedlings with no chance of survival. This disease severity, measured on a maximum scale of five, attained a maximum score of 4.20. The findings indicated a substantial inhibition in the germination and growth variables of Nicotiana tabacum, which has a profound impact on the yield and commercial quality of N. tabacum leaves, particularly those intended for the Cuban cigar manufacturing industry. This underscores the necessity for expeditious diagnosis of the disease and the implementation of appropriate management strategies to mitigate the risks of its propagation in producing regions of Cuba and globally.
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References
Akhter, A., Hage, K., Soja, G., & Steinkellner, S. (2015) Compost and biochar alter mycorrhization, tomato root exudation, and development of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Frontiers in Plant Science, 6(529), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.00529
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Cakır, B., Gül, A., Yolageldi, L., & Özaktan, H. (2014). Response to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici in tomato roots involves regulation of SA-and ET-responsive gene expressions. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 139(2), 379-391. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-014-0394-9
Carmona, S. L., del Pilar Villarreal-Navarrete, A., Burbano-David, D., Gómez-Marroquín, M., Torres-Rojas, E., & Soto-Suárez, M. (2020). Boosting photosynthetic machinery and defense priming with chitosan application on tomato plants infected with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. bioRxiv, 19, 1-35. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.18.256628
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Gilardi, G., Matic, S., Guarnaccia, V., Garibaldi, A., & Gullino, M. L. (2021). First report of Fusarium clavum causing leaf spot and fruit rot on tomato in Italy. Plant Disease, 105(8), 2250. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-05-20-1096-PDN
González, L. C., Gonzalez, H. H. M., y Ochoa, X. G. R. (2023). Marchitez por Fusarium oxysporum Schlthl en masaguaro (Pseudosamanea guachapele) (Kunth). INGE CUC, 19(1), 11-21. https://doi.org/10.17981/ingecuc.19.1.2023.02
Gui, Z.-Q., Yuan, X.-L., Yang, J., Du, Y.-M., & Zhang, P. (2024). An updated review on chemical constituents from Nicotiana tabacum L.: Chemical diversity and pharmacological properties. Industrial Crops and Products, 214, 118497. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.118497
Ha-Thanh, P., Ngoc Tuan, T., Van Van, N., Van Lu, N., Thai Binh, H., Van Chin, N., & Do Dung, D. (2022). Results of trial oriental tobacco varieties planting in Ninh Thuan and Dak Lak Province, Vietnam in 2021. Journal of Experimental Agriculture International, 44(2), 78-87. https://doi.org/10.9734/jeai%2F2022%2Fv44i230801
Hu, B., Zheng, Y., Lv, J., Zhang, J., & Dong, Y. (2023). Proteomic analysis of the faba bean-wheat intercropping system in controlling the occurrence of faba bean Fusarium wilt due to stress caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fabae and benzoic acid. BMC Plant Biology, 23(1), 472. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-023-04481-8
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Kema, G. H., Drenth, A., Dita, M., Jansen, K., Vellema, S., & Stoorvogel, J. J. (2021). Fusarium wilt of banana, a recurring threat to global banana production. Frontiers in Plant Science, 11, 628888. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.628888
Khademi, M., Varasteh-Shams, M., Nazarian-Firouzabadi, F., & Ismaili, A. (2020). New recombinant antimicrobial peptides confer resistance to fungal pathogens in tobacco plants. Frontiers in Plant Science, 11, 1236. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.01236
Laraba, I., Busman, M., Geiser, D. M., & O’Donnell, K. (2022). Phylogenetic diversity and mycotoxin potential of emergent phytopathogens within the Fusarium tricinctum species complex. Phytopathology, 112(6), 1284-1298. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-09-21-0394-R
Luna-Rodríguez, M., González-Oviedo, N. A., Rivera-Fernández, A., y Flores-de la Rosa, F. R. (2023). Detección del gen xyl3 en cepas de Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vanillae. Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas, 14(6), e2711. https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v14i6.2711
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Nitschke, E., Nihlgard, M., & Varrelmann, M. (2009). Differentiation of eleven Fusarium spp. isolated from sugar beet, applying restriction fragment analysis of polymerase chain reaction-amplified translation elongation factor 1α gene fragment. Phytopathology, 99, 921-929. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-99-8-0921
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Pastuszak, J., Szczerba, A., Dziurka, M., Hornyák, M., Kopeć, P., Szklarczyk, M., & Płażek, A. (2021). Physiological and biochemical response to Fusarium culmorum infection in three durum wheat genotypes at seedling and full anthesis stage. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(14), 7433. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22147433
Pfenning, L. H., Da Silva, C. S., De Pereira, M. M., Costa, H., Aries, V. J., García, A. C., & Dos Figueredo, S. A. (2014). First repor and characterization of Fusarium circinatum, the causal agent of pitch canker in Brazil. Tropical Plant Pathology, 39, 210-216. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1982-56762014000300004
Qiu, R., Li, C., Li, X., Zhang, Y., Liu, C., Li, C., & Li, S. (2023). First report of Fusarium sacchari causing root rot of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) in China. Crop Protection, 174, 106437. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2023.106437
Retana, K., Ramírez-Coché, J. A., Castro, O., y Blanco-Meneses, M. (2018). Caracterización morfológica y molecular de Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. apii asociado a la marchitez del apio en Costa Rica. Agronomía Costarricense, 42(1), 115-126. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/rac.v42i1.32199
Ribeiro, J. A., Albuquerque, A., Materatski, P., Patanita, M., Varanda, C. M., Félix, M. D. R., & Campos, M. D. (2022). Tomato response to Fusarium spp. infection under field conditions: study of potential genes involved. Horticulturae, 8(5), 433. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8050433
Rongai, D., Pulcini, P., Pesce, B & Milano, F. (2017). Antifungal activity of pomegranate peel extract against Fusarium wilt of tomato. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 147(1), 229-238. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-016-0994-7
Shen, H. F., Yang, Q. Y., Pu, X. M., Zhang, J. X., Sun, D. Y., Liu, P. P., Lin, B. R., & Deng, H. B. (2023). First report of Fusarium root rot of tobacco caused by Fusarium fujikuroi in Guangdong Province, China. Plant Disease, 107(10), 3294. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-23-0658-PDN
Sosa-Sánchez, O., Romero-Bastias, M., Silva-Pupo, J. J., Gaibor-Fernández, R. R., Rodríguez-Rodríguez, S. F., y Ceiro-Catasú, W. G. (2022). Caracterización cultural-morfométrica como herramienta para la identificación de Fusarium spp., asociado a Nicotiana tabacum L. Agronomía Costarricense, 46(1), 111-118. https://doi.org/10.15517/RAC.V46I1.49872
Townsend, G.R., & Heuberger, J. W. (1943). Methods for estimating losses caused by diseases in fungicide experiments. Plant Disease Reporter, 27, 340-343.
Zhang, Q., Zhong, T., E, L., Xu, M., Dai, W., Sun, S., & Ye, J. (2021). GT factor ZmGT-3b is associated with regulation of photosynthesis and defense response to Fusarium graminearum infection in maize seedling. Frontiers in Plant Science, 12, 724133. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.724133
Zhu, Y., Willey, K., Wheeler, T., Dever, J. K., Whitelock, D., Wedegaertner, T., & Zhang, J. (2023). A rapid and reliable method for evaluating cotton resistance to Fusarium wilt race 4 based on taproot rot at the seed germination stage. Phytopathology, 113(5), 904-916. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-08-22-0286-FI
Zonno, M. C & Vurro, M. (2002). Inhibition of germination of Orobanche ramosa seeds by Fusarium toxins. Phytoparasitica, 30(5), 519-524. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02979757
Ankati, S., Srinivas, V., Pratyusha, S., & Gopalakrishnan, S. (2021). Streptomyces consortia-mediated plant defense against Fusarium wilt and plant growth-promotion in chickpea. Microbial Pathogenesis, 157, 104961. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2021.104961
Balzarini, M. G., Gonzalez, L., Tablada, M., Casanoves, F., Di Rienzo, J. A., y Robledo C. W. (2008). Manual del Usuario, Editorial Brujas, Córdoba, Argentina. 316 p.
Berruezo, L. A., Harries, E. M., Galván, M. Z., Stenglein, S. A., y Mercado, G. (2021). Evaluación de la tolerancia a Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium solani en variedades de tabaco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) tipo Virginia bajo condiciones controladas en el noroeste de Argentina. Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, 53(2), 214-224. https://www.scielo.org.ar/pdf/refca/v53n2/1853-8665-refca-53-02-214.pdf
Browne, R. & Cooke, B. (2005). A comparative assessment of potential components of partial disease resistance to Fusarium head blight using a detached leaf assay of wheat, barley and oats. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 112, 247-258 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-005-2077-z
Cakır, B., Gül, A., Yolageldi, L., & Özaktan, H. (2014). Response to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici in tomato roots involves regulation of SA-and ET-responsive gene expressions. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 139(2), 379-391. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-014-0394-9
Carmona, S. L., del Pilar Villarreal-Navarrete, A., Burbano-David, D., Gómez-Marroquín, M., Torres-Rojas, E., & Soto-Suárez, M. (2020). Boosting photosynthetic machinery and defense priming with chitosan application on tomato plants infected with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. bioRxiv, 19, 1-35. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.18.256628
Espino, E., Uriarte, B. E., Cordero, P. L., Rodríguez, N., Izquierdo, A., Blanco, L. E., y Díaz, M. (2012). Instructivo técnico para el cultivo del tabaco en Cuba. Ministerio de la Agricultura. Instituto de Investigaciones del Tabaco, p. 148.
Espinoza-Ahumada, C. A., Gallegos-Morales, G., Hernández-Castillo, F. D., Ochoa-Fuentes, Y. M., Cepeda-Siller, M., y Castillo-Reyes, F. (2019). Antagonistas microbianos a Fusarium spp., como agente causal de pudrición de raíces y tallo en melón. Ecosistemas y Recursos Agropecuarios, 6(16), 45-55. https://doi.org/10.19136/era.a6n16.1843
García, S. E., Aldrete, A., Alvarado, D., Cibrián, D., Méndez, J. T., Valdovinos, G., y Equíhua, A. (2017). Efecto de Fusarium circinatum en la germinación y crecimiento de plántulas de Pinus greggii en tres sustratos. Agrociencia, 51(8), 895-908. https://www.scielo.org.mx/pdf/agro/v51n8/1405-3195-agro-51-08-895.pdf
Gilardi, G., Matic, S., Guarnaccia, V., Garibaldi, A., & Gullino, M. L. (2021). First report of Fusarium clavum causing leaf spot and fruit rot on tomato in Italy. Plant Disease, 105(8), 2250. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-05-20-1096-PDN
González, L. C., Gonzalez, H. H. M., y Ochoa, X. G. R. (2023). Marchitez por Fusarium oxysporum Schlthl en masaguaro (Pseudosamanea guachapele) (Kunth). INGE CUC, 19(1), 11-21. https://doi.org/10.17981/ingecuc.19.1.2023.02
Gui, Z.-Q., Yuan, X.-L., Yang, J., Du, Y.-M., & Zhang, P. (2024). An updated review on chemical constituents from Nicotiana tabacum L.: Chemical diversity and pharmacological properties. Industrial Crops and Products, 214, 118497. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.118497
Ha-Thanh, P., Ngoc Tuan, T., Van Van, N., Van Lu, N., Thai Binh, H., Van Chin, N., & Do Dung, D. (2022). Results of trial oriental tobacco varieties planting in Ninh Thuan and Dak Lak Province, Vietnam in 2021. Journal of Experimental Agriculture International, 44(2), 78-87. https://doi.org/10.9734/jeai%2F2022%2Fv44i230801
Hu, B., Zheng, Y., Lv, J., Zhang, J., & Dong, Y. (2023). Proteomic analysis of the faba bean-wheat intercropping system in controlling the occurrence of faba bean Fusarium wilt due to stress caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fabae and benzoic acid. BMC Plant Biology, 23(1), 472. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-023-04481-8
Hudson, O., Fulton, J. C., Dong, A. K., Dufault, N. S., & Ali, M. E. (2021). Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum molecular diagnostics past, present and future. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(18), 9735. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22189735
Kema, G. H., Drenth, A., Dita, M., Jansen, K., Vellema, S., & Stoorvogel, J. J. (2021). Fusarium wilt of banana, a recurring threat to global banana production. Frontiers in Plant Science, 11, 628888. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.628888
Khademi, M., Varasteh-Shams, M., Nazarian-Firouzabadi, F., & Ismaili, A. (2020). New recombinant antimicrobial peptides confer resistance to fungal pathogens in tobacco plants. Frontiers in Plant Science, 11, 1236. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.01236
Laraba, I., Busman, M., Geiser, D. M., & O’Donnell, K. (2022). Phylogenetic diversity and mycotoxin potential of emergent phytopathogens within the Fusarium tricinctum species complex. Phytopathology, 112(6), 1284-1298. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-09-21-0394-R
Luna-Rodríguez, M., González-Oviedo, N. A., Rivera-Fernández, A., y Flores-de la Rosa, F. R. (2023). Detección del gen xyl3 en cepas de Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vanillae. Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas, 14(6), e2711. https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v14i6.2711
Nikitin, D. A., Ivanova, E. A., Semenov, M. V., Zhelezova, A. D., Ksenofontova, N. A., Tkhakakhova, A. K., & Kholodov, V. A. (2023). Diversity, ecological characteristics and identification of some problematic phytopathogenic Fusarium in soil: a review. Diversity, 15(1), 49. https://doi.org/10.3390/d15010049
Nitschke, E., Nihlgard, M., & Varrelmann, M. (2009). Differentiation of eleven Fusarium spp. isolated from sugar beet, applying restriction fragment analysis of polymerase chain reaction-amplified translation elongation factor 1α gene fragment. Phytopathology, 99, 921-929. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-99-8-0921
Observatory of Economic Complexity [OEC]. (2024, Noviembre 17). Cigarros, cigarrillos del tabaco en Cuba. https://oec.world/es/profile/bilateral-product/rolled-tobacco/reporter/cub
Oficina Nacional de Estadísticas e Información [ONEI]. (2022, Diciembre 10). Sector agropecuario. Indicadores seleccionados 2019. Oficina Nacional de Estadística e Información. http://www.onei.gob.cu/node/14215
Pandey, R. (2023). Controlling tobacco diseases: an overview of black shank and Fusarium wilt. International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, 11(1):1-7. https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/IJASBT/article/view/52440
Pastuszak, J., Szczerba, A., Dziurka, M., Hornyák, M., Kopeć, P., Szklarczyk, M., & Płażek, A. (2021). Physiological and biochemical response to Fusarium culmorum infection in three durum wheat genotypes at seedling and full anthesis stage. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(14), 7433. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22147433
Pfenning, L. H., Da Silva, C. S., De Pereira, M. M., Costa, H., Aries, V. J., García, A. C., & Dos Figueredo, S. A. (2014). First repor and characterization of Fusarium circinatum, the causal agent of pitch canker in Brazil. Tropical Plant Pathology, 39, 210-216. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1982-56762014000300004
Qiu, R., Li, C., Li, X., Zhang, Y., Liu, C., Li, C., & Li, S. (2023). First report of Fusarium sacchari causing root rot of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) in China. Crop Protection, 174, 106437. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2023.106437
Retana, K., Ramírez-Coché, J. A., Castro, O., y Blanco-Meneses, M. (2018). Caracterización morfológica y molecular de Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. apii asociado a la marchitez del apio en Costa Rica. Agronomía Costarricense, 42(1), 115-126. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/rac.v42i1.32199
Ribeiro, J. A., Albuquerque, A., Materatski, P., Patanita, M., Varanda, C. M., Félix, M. D. R., & Campos, M. D. (2022). Tomato response to Fusarium spp. infection under field conditions: study of potential genes involved. Horticulturae, 8(5), 433. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8050433
Rongai, D., Pulcini, P., Pesce, B & Milano, F. (2017). Antifungal activity of pomegranate peel extract against Fusarium wilt of tomato. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 147(1), 229-238. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-016-0994-7
Shen, H. F., Yang, Q. Y., Pu, X. M., Zhang, J. X., Sun, D. Y., Liu, P. P., Lin, B. R., & Deng, H. B. (2023). First report of Fusarium root rot of tobacco caused by Fusarium fujikuroi in Guangdong Province, China. Plant Disease, 107(10), 3294. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-23-0658-PDN
Sosa-Sánchez, O., Romero-Bastias, M., Silva-Pupo, J. J., Gaibor-Fernández, R. R., Rodríguez-Rodríguez, S. F., y Ceiro-Catasú, W. G. (2022). Caracterización cultural-morfométrica como herramienta para la identificación de Fusarium spp., asociado a Nicotiana tabacum L. Agronomía Costarricense, 46(1), 111-118. https://doi.org/10.15517/RAC.V46I1.49872
Townsend, G.R., & Heuberger, J. W. (1943). Methods for estimating losses caused by diseases in fungicide experiments. Plant Disease Reporter, 27, 340-343.
Zhang, Q., Zhong, T., E, L., Xu, M., Dai, W., Sun, S., & Ye, J. (2021). GT factor ZmGT-3b is associated with regulation of photosynthesis and defense response to Fusarium graminearum infection in maize seedling. Frontiers in Plant Science, 12, 724133. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.724133
Zhu, Y., Willey, K., Wheeler, T., Dever, J. K., Whitelock, D., Wedegaertner, T., & Zhang, J. (2023). A rapid and reliable method for evaluating cotton resistance to Fusarium wilt race 4 based on taproot rot at the seed germination stage. Phytopathology, 113(5), 904-916. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-08-22-0286-FI
Zonno, M. C & Vurro, M. (2002). Inhibition of germination of Orobanche ramosa seeds by Fusarium toxins. Phytoparasitica, 30(5), 519-524. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02979757
Published
2025-05-28
How to Cite
Holguín-Peña, R., Ruiz-Juárez, D., Gutiérrez-Rojas, M., & Ceiro-Catasú, W. (2025). Pathogenicity of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. nicotinae and F. phyllophilum in tobacco in the Granma region, Cuba. Revista De La Facultad De Agronomía De La Universidad Del Zulia, 42(2), e254226. Retrieved from https://mail.produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/agronomia/article/view/43871
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Section
Crop Production
Copyright (c) 2025 Ramon Jaime Holguín-Peña, Daniel Ruiz-Juárez, Mónica Gutiérrez-Rojas, Wilson Geobel Ceiro-Catasú
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
