Identificación de Staphylococcus warneri en trucha arcoiris (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792) mediante espectrometría de masas MALDI–TOF basada en proteómica

• Hasan Emre Yılmaz Akdeniz University, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences. Antalya, Türkiye https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7953-3245
• İfakat Tülay Çağatay Akdeniz University, Faculty of Fisheries, Department of Basic Sciences, Molecular Microbiology Laboratory. Antalya, Türkiye https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1868-8611
• Öznur Diler Isparta University of Applied Sciences, Eğirdir Faculty of Fisheries, Department of Aquaculture. Isparta, Türkiye https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0330-3448
• Mevlüt Nazıroğlu Isparta University of Applied Sciences, Eğirdir Faculty of Fisheries, Department of Aquaculture. Isparta, Türkiye https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2906-5396
• Öznur Özil Isparta University of Applied Sciences, Eğirdir Faculty of Fisheries, Department of Aquaculture. Isparta, Türkiye https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7863-2943
• Şeydanur Kan Isparta University of Applied Sciences, Eğirdir Faculty of Fisheries, Department of Aquaculture. Isparta, Türkiye https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0869-3628

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52973/rcfcv-e35574

Palabras clave: Staphylococcus warneri, MALDI–TOF MS, BBL CrystalTMGP, 16S rRNA, sodA

Resumen

Staphylococcus warneri, un patógeno oportunista, es un agente causante de enfermedades mortales en la cría de la trucha arco iris (Oncorhynchus mykiss) de gran valor económico para Türkiye. En este estudio, además de los métodos fenotípicos, bioquímicos, histopatológicos y genéticos tradicionales, se utilizó un método de proteómica de alto rendimiento basado en la espectrometría de masas por ionización/desorción láser asistida por matriz (MALDI–TOF MS) para la identificación precisa de S. warneri. Catorce aislados obtenidos de piel, branquias, hígado, bazo y riñón de un total de cincuenta peces enfermos se confirmaron fenotípicamente como S. warneri mediante el sistema de identificación BBL CrystalTMGP. Sólo el 43 % de estos aislados mostraron una amplificación positiva por PCR para el gen 16S rRNA y sodA (superóxido dismutasa A), mientras que el 100 % fueron identificados como S. warneri mediante la técnica MALDI–TOF MS con un alto valor de puntuación de masa (m/z) entre 2.35 y 3.05. A partir de los datos comparativos obtenidos, se concluyó que el análisis de espectrometría de masas MALDI–TOF puede recomendarse para la confirmación definitiva de S. warneri, que mostró similitudes indistinguiblemente cercanas con las secuencias del gen 16S rRNA y los resultados de la PCR sodA. Hasta donde se sabe, éste es el primer informe que valida los resultados de métodos fenotípicos, bioquímicos, genéticos e histológicos mediante la MALDI–TOF y demuestra que se trata de un método de identificación satisfactorio, que proporciona una puntuación de masa elevada (m/z) con una coincidencia del 100 % para una identificación precisa y más rápida de S. warneri. Esta prometedora técnica de diagnóstico puede identificar muchos patógenos bacterianos de peces diferentes, aunque se necesita una base de datos de masas de proteínas más amplia para los organismos acuáticos.

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