War crimes and crimes against humanity in Ukraine: Legal qualification and features of documentation

Crímenes de guerra y crímenes contra la humanidad en Ucrania: Calificación legal y características de la documentación

• Nina Rogatinska Western Ukrainian National University, Ternopil, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0617-6114
• Oleksandr Halahan National Academy of Internal Affairs, Kyiv, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5105-0022
• Oleh Protsiuk Kyiv National University Taras Shevchenko, Kyiv, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2058-5793
• Sergii Galagan National Academy of Internal Affairs, Kyiv, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4028-942X
• Natalia Fierieva Supreme Court, Kyiv, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9513-0435

DOI: https://doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.4178.10

Palabras clave: derecho internacional humanitario, crímenes de guerra, crímenes de lesa humanidad, organización de la investigación, recopilación de pruebas

Resumen

Este artículo científico está dedicado a la interpretación de los crímenes de guerra y crímenes contra la humanidad, las peculiaridades de la regulación de estos actos ilegales y la organización de su investigación en Ucrania. Mediante el método dialéctico, se enfatiza en la necesidad de utilizar los recursos de la Corte Penal Internacional CPI en Ucrania y establecer un Tribunal Internacional Especial para responsabilizar personalmente por la comisión de crímenes de agresión a los actores implicados. Se argumenta la conveniencia de crear un instituto estatal especial para la interacción con la CPI con el nombramiento de coordinadores nacionales. Se determinan los componentes del concepto de investigación de crímenes de guerra y crímenes de lesa humanidad como un sistema teórico holístico, amplio e interdisciplinario para actividades en condiciones especiales. En las conclusiones del caso, se señala la necesidad de garantizar una gestión y coordinación claras del equipo internacional de investigación bajo los auspicios y el control de la Corte Penal Internacional y el Organismo Euroasiático a fin de recopilar, ejecutar, sistematizar y preservar la base de pruebas fácticas, de conformidad con las normas del protocolo internacional.

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