Civil Society Transformation in the Context of Political Radicalism in Eastern Europe
Transformación de la sociedad civil en el contexto del radicalismo político en Europa del Este
Keywords:
civil society, political activity, democracy, political radicalism, extremism in Eastern Europe
Abstract
The article studies the current changes taking place in the civil society sector of Eastern European countries under the impact of intensifying radical action on the political environment. One of the key areas of progress of modern states is a further development of democratic values, which depends largely on the activity of the civil society sector. In this regard, the aim of the study was to examine the main problems and areas of change in the development of the civil society sector during the period of intensification of political radicalism in some Eastern European democracies. Methodologically, they used the empirical results of a survey of citizens of Eastern European countries to determine areas of development and key issues of civil society. In conclusion, a comparative analysis of the level of development of the civil sector and the degree of radicalization in Eastern European countries revealed the correlation between the development of civil society and radical policy frameworks.
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References
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BERNING, Carl; ZILLER, Conrad. 2017. “Social trust and radical rightwing populist party preferences” In: Acta politica. Vol. 52, pp. 198-217.
BUŠTÍKOVÁ, Lenka. 2018. The radical right in Eastern Europe. In: The Oxford handbook of the radical right. Oxford University Press. Oxford.
BUSTIKOVA, Lenka. 2019. Extreme Reactions: Radical Right Mobilization in Eastern Europe. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge, USA.
BUZOGÁNY, Aron. 2021. “Civic engagement, political participation and the radical right in Central and Eastern Europe” In: Party Politics. Vol.27, No. 1, pp. 35-45.
CARTER, Elisabeth. 2018. “Right-wing extremism/radicalism: Reconstructing the concept” In: Journal of Political Ideologies. Vol. 23, No. 2, pp. 157- 182.
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HARMSEN, Robert. 2010. “Concluding comment: On understanding the relationship between populism and Euroscepticism” In: Perspectives on European Politics and Society. Vol. 11, No. 3, pp. 333-341.
HEINISCH, Reinhard; SAXONBERG, Steven; WERNER, Annika; HABERSACK, Fabian. 2021. “The effect of radical right fringe parties on main parties in Central and Eastern Europe: Empirical evidence from manifesto data” In: Party Politics. Vol. 27, No. 1, pp. 9-21.
HUMAN RIGHTS FIRST. 2017. Poland’s New Front A Government’s War against Civil Society. Human Rights First. New York, USA.
INSTITUTE FOR ECONOMICS & PEACE. 2021. Global Terrorism Index 2020: Measuring the Impact of Terrorism, Sydney, November 2020. Available online. In: http://visionofhumanity.org/reports. Consultation date: 28/01/2022.
ISIN, Engin; NIELSEN, Greg. (Eds). 2008. Acts of Citizenship. Chicago University Press. Chicago, USA.
KUTIYSKI, Yordan; KROUWEL, André; VAN PROOIJEN, Jan-Willem. 2021. “Political extremism and distrust: Does radical political orientation predict political distrust and negative attitudes towards European integration?” In: The Social Science Journal. Vol. 58, No. 1, pp. 1-16.
MARZEC, Wiktor; NEUBACHER, Daniela. 2020. “Civil society under pressure: historical legacies and current responses in Central Eastern Europe” In: Journal of Contemporary Central and Eastern Europe. Vol. 28, No. 1, pp. 1-6.
MINKENBERG, Michael. 2015. Profiles, patterns, process. Studying the East European radical right in its political environment. Transforming the Transformation? London, Routledge.
MINKENBERG, Michael. 2019. “Between party and movement: conceptual and empirical considerations of the radical right’s organizational boundaries and mobilization processes” In: European Societies. Vol. 21, No. 4, pp. 463-486.
MUDDE, Cas. 2016. “Europe’s populist surge: A long time in the making” In: Foreign affairs. Vol. 95, No. 6, pp. 25-30.
MUDDE, Cas. 2017. Racist Extremism in Central and Eastern Europe. In: The Populist Radical Right: A Reader. Routledge. London, UK.
MUXEL, Anne. 2019. Youth and Politics in France: Democratic Deficit or New Model of Citizenship. The Routledge Handbook of French Politics and Culture. Routledge. London, UK.
MUXEL, Anne. 2020. “Political Radicalism Among the Younger Generations” In: Youth and Globalization. Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 123-136.
NORDSIECK, Wolfram. 2020. Parties and Elections in Europe: Parliamentary Elections and Governments since 1945, European Parliament Elections, Political Orientation and History of Parties. Books on Demand. Norderstedt, Germany.
PARTIES AND ELECTIONS IN EUROPE. 2021. Parties and Elections in Europe. Available online. In: http://www.parties-and-elections.eu/ countries.html Consultation date: 28/01/2022.
POLYAKOVA, Alina; SHEKHOVTSOV, Anton. 2016. What’s left of Europe if the far right has its way? Washington: The Atlantic Council-The Dinu Patriciu Eurasia Centre. Available online. In: https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/ in-depth-research-reports/issue-brief/what-s-left-of-europe-if-the-far- right-has-its-way/. Consultation date: 28/01/2022.
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RYDGREN, Jens. 2009. “Social Isolation? Social capital and radical right-wing voting in Western Europe”. In: Journal of Civil Society. Vol. 5, pp. 129– 150.
SCHULMEISTER, Philipp; BÜTTNER, Matthias; CHIESA, Alice; HALLAOUY, Said; MAGGIO, Luisa; TSOULOU MALAKOUD, Dimitra. 2019. Parlemeter. 2019. Heeding the call beyond the vote a stronger parliament to listen to citizens voices. Brussels, European Union. Available online. In: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/pdf/eurobarometre/2019/ parlemeter-2019-heeding-the-call-beyond-the-vote/report/en-report. pdf. Consultation date: 28/01/2022.
SIROKY, David; CUFFE, John. 2015. “Lost Autonomy, Nationalism and Separatism” In: Comparative Political Studies. Vol. 48, No. 1, pp. 3–34.
TIMBRO AUTHORITARIAN POPULISM INDEX. 2021. Populists are gaining ground. Available online. In: https://populismindex.com/. Consultation date: 28/01/2022.
USAID. 2021. CSO Sustainability Index. 2020 Civil society organization sustainability index central and Eastern Europe and Eurasia 24th edition– september 2021. Available online. In: https://www.fhi360.org/sites/ default/files/media/documents/csosi-europe-eurasia-2020-report.pdf. Consultation date: 28/01/2022.
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Published
2022-07-26
How to Cite
Babkina, O., Olena, N., Pavlova, L., Karchevska, O., & Balatska, O. (2022). Civil Society Transformation in the Context of Political Radicalism in Eastern Europe: Transformación de la sociedad civil en el contexto del radicalismo político en Europa del Este. Political Questions, 40(73), 671-692. https://doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.4073.38
Section
Derecho Público
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