Exercising the right to a fair trial during the Covid-19 pandemic in Ukraine and the European Union
Ejercicio del derecho a un juicio justo durante la pandemia de covid-19 en Ucrania y la Unión Europea
Keywords:
the right to a fair trial, protection of human rights, enforcement of the right to a fair trial, elements of fair trial, criminal proceedings
Abstract
The purpose of the scientific research is to explore the problem of exercising the right to a fair trial during the COVID-19 pandemic and suggest solutions. To achieve this purpose, general and special scientific research methods were used, in particular system-functional method, dialectical and statistical methods, method of hermeneutics. The right to a fair trial cannot be limited, as the main function of the state is to ensure the protection of the rights and freedoms of citizens. According to the legislation of most countries, the principle of the rule of law is recognized, an important component of which is the right to apply to the court, as provided for in Article 6 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms of 1950 (ECHR) as the right to a fair trial. Courts exist to meet human needs and to promote the preservation of social values. The judicial system must be efficient, simple and accessible to the average citizen. However, in connection with the coronavirus pandemic, the judicial system has faced the issue of how to simultaneously ensure the rights of citizens to judicial protection and protect the population from acute infectious diseases.
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References
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YARA, Olena; BRAZHEYEV, Anatoliy; GOLOVKO, Liudmyla; BASHKATOVA, Viktoriia. 2021. “Legal Regulation of the Use of Artificial Intelligence: Problems and Development Prospects” In: European Journal of Sustainable Development. Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 281-289.
CASE “METICA V ROMANIA”. 2006. Available online. In: http://echr. ketse.com/doc/19567.02-en-20061102/view/. Consultation date: 07/05/2022.
DUBCHAK, Liudmyla; GULAC, Olena; IARMOLENKO, Iuliia; YANCHUK, Julia. 2019. “Cooperation of Ukraine and the European Union in the Ecological Sector: Directions and Prospects” In: European Journal of Sustainable Development. Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 22-30.
EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS. 1950. Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. Available online. In: https://www.echr.coe.int/Pages/home.aspx?p=basictexts&#:~:text=The%20Convention%20for%20the%20 Protection,force%20on%203%20September%201953. Consultation date: 07/07/2022.
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KLIMEK, Libor. 2017. Mutual Recognition of Judicial Decisions in European Criminal Law. Springer. Cham, Germany.
KRASNOVA, Yulia; DEINEHA, Marina; HONCHARUK, Liudmyla; SVYATCHENKO, Liudmyla. 2019. “Ecological court as the guarantee of protection of rights of human and citizens” In: Bulletin of NAS RK. Vol. 4, pp. 185-191.
LADYCHENKO, Viktor; GOLOVKO, Liudmyla. 2018. “The Right to Access to Environmental Information in Ukraine and the EU” In: European Journal of sustainable development. Vol. 7, No. 3, pp. 455-459.
LADYCHENKO, Viktor; GULAC, Olena; YEMELIANENKO, Karim; DANYLIUK, Yurii; KURYLO, Volodymyr. 2021. “Ensuring Sustainable Development of Local Self Government: Foreign Experience for Ukraine” In: European Journal of Sustainable Development. Vol. 10, No. 4, pp. 167-178.
LADYCHENKO, Viktor; MELNYCHUK, Olha; GOLOVKO, Liudmyla; BURMAK, Oksana. 2020. “Waste Management at the Local Level in the EU and Ukraine” In: European Journal of Sustainable Development. Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 329-329.
LADYCHENKO, Viktor; YARA, Olena; ULIUTINA, Olena; GOLOVKO, Liudmyla. 2019. “Environmental Liability in Ukraine and the EU” In: European Journal of Sustainable Development. Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 261- 267.
LAW OF AUSTRIA. 2020. Consolidated federal law: Entire legal regulation for the 1st COVID-19 Justice Accompanying Act 1. Available online. In: https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung. wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnummer=20011087. Consultation date: 07/05/2022.
LAW OF SLOVAK REPUBLIC. 2020. Act of Slovak Republic on certain emergency measures in connection with the spread of the dangerous contagious human disease COVID-19 and in the judiciary and amending certain laws. Available online. In: https://www.slov-lex.sk/pravne- redpisy/SK/ZZ/2020/62/20200327. Consultation date: 07/05/2022.
LAW OF UKRAINE. 2020. Decision of the High Council of Justice of Ukraine “On access to justice in the context of the pandemic of acute respiratory disease COVID-19 caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2”. Available online. In: https://hcj.gov.ua/doc/doc/2412. Consultation date: 07/05/2022.
LAW OF UKRAINE. 2020. Law of Ukraine №540-IX “On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts Aimed at Providing Additional Social and Economic Guarantees in Connection with the Spread of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-2019)” Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/ laws/show/540-20#Text. Consultation date: 07/05/2022.
LAW OF UKRAINE. 2020. Letter of the Council of Judges of Ukraine No. 9-rs-186/20, provided recommendations to establish a special working regime for the courts for the period from March 16, 2020 to April 3, 2020. Available online. In: http://rsu.gov.ua/uploads/news/no9rs-18620-vid- 16032020-verhovn-92b86c6546.pdf. Consultation date: 07/07/2022.
LAW OF UKRAINE. 2020. New Act on the Measures and Actions during the State of Emergence. Available online. In: https://home.kpmg/bg/ en/home/insights/2020/03/new-act-on-the-measures-and-actions- during-the-state-of-emergenc.html. Consultation date: 07/05/2022.
LAW OF UKRAINE. 2020. Order of the State Judicial Administration №169 “On approval of the Procedure for working with technical means of videoconferencing during court hearings in administrative, civil and commercial proceedings with the parties outside the court”. Available online. In: https://court.gov.ua/userfiles/media/sud4812/Nakaz_ DSA_169_20_1.pdf. Consultation date: 07/05/2022.
LAW OF UKRAINE. 2020. Order of the State Judicial Administration On amendments to the Procedure for work with technical means of videoconferencing during a court hearing in administrative, civil and commercial proceedings with the participation of the parties outside the courtroom. Available online. In: https://dsa.court.gov.ua/dsa/ inshe/14/N_196_20. Consultation date: 07/05/2022.
LAW OF UKRAINE. 2020. Order of the State Judicial Administration on Amendments to the Order of the State Judicial Administration of Ukraine of April 23, 2020 № 196. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov. ua/rada/show/v0314750-20#Text. Consultation date: 07/05/2022.
LAW OF UKRAINE. 2021. Decree of the Ministry of Justice of the Slovak Republic of 22 January 2021 on the conduct of hearings, main hearings and public sittings in times of emergency and state of emergency. Available online. In: https://www.slov-lex.sk/pravne-predpisy/SK/ ZZ/2021/24/20210123. Consultation date: 07/05/2022.
NYBROE, Marianne Gram. 2020. Plan for reopening the Courts of Denmark. Available online. In: https://rm.coe.int/plan-for-reopening-of-the- courts-of-denmark/16809e5a14. Consultation date: 07/05/2022.
OLEKSENKO, Roman; BORTNYKOV, Yevhenii; BILOHUR, Stanislav; RYBALCHENKO, Nina; MAKOVETSKA, Natalia. 2021.“Transformations of the organizational and legal mechanism of the Ukrainian state policy in tourism and hospitality” In: Cuestiones Políticas. Vol. 39, No. 70, pp. 768-783.
TATULYCH, Iryna. 2020. The right of citizens to judicial protection under quarantine. Available online. In: https://law.chnu.edu.ua/pravo- hromadian-na-sudovyi-zakhyst-v-umovakh-karantynu/. Consultation date: 07/05/2022.
UNITED NATIONS HUMAN RIGHTS OFFICE OF THE HIGH COMMISSIONER. 1966. International Convention on Civil and Political Rights. Available online. In: https://www.ohchr.org/en/ professionalinterest/pages/ccpr.aspx. Consultation date: 07/07/2022.
UNITED NATIONS. 2007. General comments №32 to Article 14 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights: Right to equality before courts and tribunals and to fair trial. Available online. In: https:// digitallibrary.un.org/record/606075. Consultation date: 07/07/2022.
VASІUK, Oksana; GULAC, Olena; SHUST, Vasyl; MARCHENKO, Svitlana; HALAI, Andrii; HALAI, Viktoriia. 2020. “Legal Grounds for Social Work Organization in Rural Communities of Ukraine” In: European Journal of Sustainable Development. Vol. 9, No. 3, pp. 503- 512.
VILLASMIL, Jorge. 2021. “Derecho penal y Derechos humanas: una relación compleja” In: Cuestiones Políticas. Vol. 39, No. 70, pp. 16-17.
YARA, Olena; BRAZHEYEV, Anatoliy; GOLOVKO, Liudmyla; BASHKATOVA, Viktoriia. 2021. “Legal Regulation of the Use of Artificial Intelligence: Problems and Development Prospects” In: European Journal of Sustainable Development. Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 281-289.
Published
2022-12-05
How to Cite
Golovko, L., Ladychenko, V., Kudin, A., Yara, O., & Uliutina, O. (2022). Exercising the right to a fair trial during the Covid-19 pandemic in Ukraine and the European Union: Ejercicio del derecho a un juicio justo durante la pandemia de covid-19 en Ucrania y la Unión Europea. Political Questions, 40(75), 89-103. https://doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.4075.05
Section
Derecho Público
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