Enfoques centrados en la familia para mejorar la socialización y la inclusión de los niños con autismo
Palabras clave:
niños con trastornos del espectro autista, potencial integrador de la familia, perfil de competencias, crianza eficaz, socialización
Resumen
Este artículo examina las estrategias centradas en la familia destinadas a mejorar la socialización y la inclusión de los niños con trastornos del espectro autista (TEA). Hace hincapié en la crianza eficaz como factor crucial para fomentar interacciones positivas dentro de la familia y con la comunidad en general. Mediante un análisis en profundidad de estudios recientes, se destaca el papel fundamental de las familias en el desarrollo sociocultural de los niños con TEA. El objetivo principal era desarrollar un modelo y una estrategia globales para reforzar el potencial inclusivo de estas familias. En el estudio se emplearon diversas metodologías, como la revisión bibliográfica, el análisis comparativo, el análisis experimental de datos sobre la dinámica familiar y métodos estadísticos como la prueba chi-cuadrado de Pearson. Además, se utilizaron técnicas de modelización para crear herramientas metodológicas y de contenido para apoyar el desarrollo del potencial inclusivo. Los resultados incluyen la creación de un modelo unificado para evaluar y mejorar el potencial inclusivo de las familias con niños con TEA. Contiene una base de criterios estructurados e indicadores claros de la eficacia parental, organizados en grupos de competencias como las competencias informativas, comunicativas, valorativas, personales y educativas. El estudio identificó correlaciones significativas entre las autoevaluaciones y las evaluaciones de expertos en estas áreas. El artículo presenta un enfoque programático, estructurado en cinco bloques temáticos, que proporciona actividades específicas y orientación para el apoyo familiar.
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Afonkina, Y. A., & Omelchenko, E. M. (2019). Reabilitatsionnyy potentsial sem’i, vospityvayushchey rebenka s invaliznost’yu [The rehabilitation potential of a family raising a child with disabilities]. Murmansk: MAGU.
Alekhina, S. V. (2017). “Rol’ roditeley detey s ogranichennymi vozmozhnostyami zdorov’ya v razvitii inklyuzivnogo obrazovaniya” [“The role of parents of children with disabilities in the development of inclusive education”]. Pedagogika i Prosveshcheniye, 4, 1-9. https://doi. org/10.7256/2454-0676.2017.4.24965
Baenskaya, E. R. (2022). “O psikhologicheskoy pomoshchi roditelyam rebenka s autizmom rannego vozrasta” [“On psychological assistance to parents of a child with early-age autism”].
Al’manakh Instituta korrektsionnoy pedagogiki, 48. Available: https://alldef.ru/ru/articles/ almanac-48/about-psychological-assistance-to-parents-of-a-child-with-early-age-autism
Chemerilova, I., Kirilova, O., & Gavrilova, I., & Akyeva, N. (2021). “Development of adaptation and rehabilitation potential of a family that brings up a child with health limitations in the conditions of a parent club”. Research Square. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-580478/v1
Chereneva, E. A., Belyaeva, O. L., & Stoyanova, I. Ya. (2022). “Current approaches to differential diagnostics of autism spectrum disorders and similar conditions”. Journal of Siberian Federal University. Humanities & Social Sciences, 15 (3), 381-389. https://doi. org/10.17516/1997-1370-0475
Courchesne, E., Gazestani, V. H., & Lewis, N. E. (2020). “Prenatal origins of ASD: The when, what, and how of ASD development”. Trends in Neurosciences, 43 (5), 326-342. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.tins.2020.03.005
Filippova, M. S., & Letyagin, P. I. (2022). “Psikhicheskoye zdorov’ye roditeley detey s rasstroystvami autisticheskogo spektra: Teoreticheskiye aspekty” [“Mental health of parents of children with autism spectrum disorders: Theoretical aspects”]. Mir pedagogiki i psikhologii: Mezhdunarodnyy nauchno-prakticheskiy zhurnal, 07 (72), 98-105.
Fiske, K., & Austin, A. (2022). Family relationships and individuals with Autism. In: Leaf, J. B., Cihon, J. H., Ferguson, J. L., & Gerhardt, P. F. (Eds.) Handbook of quality of life for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (pp. 37-55). Cham: Springer. https://doi. org/10.1007/978-3-030-98507-3_4
Hosseinpour, A., Younesi, S. J., Azkhosh, M., Safi, M. H., & Biglarian, A. (2022). “Exploring challenges and needs of parents providing care to children with autism spectrum disorders: A qualitative study”. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 16 (3), e127300. https://doi.org/10.5812/ijpbs-127300
Kashtanova, S. N., & Kudryavtsev, V. A. (2024). ”Phenomenology of the inclusive potential of the family as a factor in socialization of children with disabilities”. Perspektivy nauki i obrazovania – Perspectives of Science and Education, 68 (2), 357-371. https://doi. org/10.32744/pse.2024.2.22
Kashtanova, S. N., Kudryavtsev, V. A., Davydova, Y. P., & Romanova, A. A. (2023). Modeli-rovaniye sistemy otsenki i analiza inklyuzivnogo potentsiala semey, vospityvayushchikh detey s ogranichennymi vozmozhnostyami zdorov’ya [Modeling the system for assessing and analyzing the inclusive potential of families raising children with disabilities].
Nizhny Novgorod: Gladkova O. V. Kisova, V. V., & Koneva, I. A. (2022). ”Roditel’skaya pozitsiya v sem’yakh, vospityvayushchikh doshkol’nikov s rasstroystvami autisticheskogo spectra” [”Parental attitude in families bringing up preschoolers with autism spectrum disorders”]. Autism and Developmental Disorders, 20 (1), 12-19. https://doi.org/10.17759/autdd.2022200102
Marriott, E., Stacey, J., Hewitt, O. M., & Verkuijl, N. E. (2022). “Parenting an autistic child: Experiences of parents with significant autistic traits”. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52 (7), 3182-3193. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05182-7
Morozov, S. A., & Chigrina, S. G. (2022). “Issledovaniye osobennostey semey, vospityva- yushchikh detey s autizmom” [“Research of characteristics of families raising children with ASD”]. Autism and Developmental Disorders, 20 (2), 78-84. https://doi.org/10.17759/ autdd.2022200209
Morozov, S. A., Morozova, S. S., & Morozova, T. I. (2021). “Issledovaniye otnosheniya rodite- ley k osobennostyam razvitiya svoikh detey s autizmom” [“The study of parent attitude to the developmental features of children with autism”]. Autism and Developmental Disorders, 19 (4), 32-39. https://doi.org/10.17759/autdd.2021190404
Morozov, S. A., Morozova, S. S., Tarasova, N. V., & Chigrina, S. G. (2023). “Issledovaniye otnosheniy vnutri sem’i, imeyushchey rebenka s autizmom, i yeye otnosheniy s sotsial’nym okruzheniyem” [“Research on relationships within a family having a child with autism, and family relations with the social environment”]. Autism and Developmental Disorders, 21 (1), 86-93. https://doi.org/10.17759/autdd.2023210110
Pavlov, Y. I. (2020). “Model’ vovlecheniya sem’i v mediko-sotsial’nuyu reabilitatsiyu detey s ogranichennymi vozmozhnostyami zdorov’ya” [“Model of family involvement in medical and social rehabilitation of children with disabilities”]. Universitetskaya meditsina Urala, 6 (2/21), 77-80.
Pavlova, A. V. (2022). Resursy semey, vospityvayushchikh detey s razlichnymi ogranicheniyami v sostoyanii zdorov’ya [Resources of families raising children with various health limitations]. A methodological guide for educational workers and specialists of PPPMS centers. Moscow: FGEBU “IPK RAO”.
Razenkova, Y. A., Pavlova, A. V., & Romanovsky, N. V. (2022). “Resursy sem’i, vospityvayushchey rebenka s ogranichennymi vozmozhnostyami zdorov’ya i ili invalidnost’yu: Analiz materialov vserossiyskogo oprosa” [“Resources of a family raising a child with disabilities or health limitations: Analysis of materials from a nationwide survey”]. Defectology, 2, 52-65.
Schwartzman, J. M., Millan, M. E., Uljarevic, M., & Gengoux, G. W. (2022). “Resilience intervention for parents of children with autism: Findings from a randomized controlled trial of the AMOR method”. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52 (2), 738-757. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-04977-y
Starobina, E. M. (2018). “Ob izuchenii reabilitatsionnogo potentsiala sem’i, vospityvayush- chey rebenka s ogranichennymi vozmozhnostyami zdorov’ya” [“On studying the rehabilitation potential of families raising children with disabilities”]. Izvestia: Herzen University Journal of Humanities & Sciences, 190, 63-69.
Tkacheva, V. V. (2016). “Realizatsiya semeyno-tsentrirovannogo podkhoda v usloviyakh sluzhby ranney pomoshchi” [“Implementation of a family-centered approach in the conditions of early assistance services”]. Korrektsionnaya pedagogika: Teoriya i praktika, 2 (68), 17-21
.
Tkacheva, V. V. (2023). “Kompetentsii roditeley v oblasti spetsial’noy pedagogiki i spetsial’noy psikhologii kak vazhneysheye usloviye vospitaniya, obucheniya i sotsializatsii rebenka s ogranichennymi vozmozhnostyami zdorov’ya” [“The competencies of parents in the field of special pedagogy and special psychology as the most important condition for the upbringing, trainig, and socialization of a child with disabilities”]. Scienca and School, 3, 87-95. https://doi. org/10.31862/1819-463X-2023-3-87-95
World Health Organization (2013). Meeting report: Autism spectrum disorders and other developmental disorders: From raising awareness to building capacity. Available: https://iris.who. int/bitstream/handle/10665/103312/9789241506618_eng.pdf;jsessionid=1B625D9EA6E33 62653EE420EEFB3B361?sequence=1
Afonkina, Y. A., & Omelchenko, E. M. (2019). Reabilitatsionnyy potentsial sem’i, vospityvayushchey rebenka s invaliznost’yu [The rehabilitation potential of a family raising a child with disabilities]. Murmansk: MAGU.
Alekhina, S. V. (2017). “Rol’ roditeley detey s ogranichennymi vozmozhnostyami zdorov’ya v razvitii inklyuzivnogo obrazovaniya” [“The role of parents of children with disabilities in the development of inclusive education”]. Pedagogika i Prosveshcheniye, 4, 1-9. https://doi. org/10.7256/2454-0676.2017.4.24965
Baenskaya, E. R. (2022). “O psikhologicheskoy pomoshchi roditelyam rebenka s autizmom rannego vozrasta” [“On psychological assistance to parents of a child with early-age autism”].
Al’manakh Instituta korrektsionnoy pedagogiki, 48. Available: https://alldef.ru/ru/articles/ almanac-48/about-psychological-assistance-to-parents-of-a-child-with-early-age-autism
Chemerilova, I., Kirilova, O., & Gavrilova, I., & Akyeva, N. (2021). “Development of adaptation and rehabilitation potential of a family that brings up a child with health limitations in the conditions of a parent club”. Research Square. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-580478/v1
Chereneva, E. A., Belyaeva, O. L., & Stoyanova, I. Ya. (2022). “Current approaches to differential diagnostics of autism spectrum disorders and similar conditions”. Journal of Siberian Federal University. Humanities & Social Sciences, 15 (3), 381-389. https://doi. org/10.17516/1997-1370-0475
Courchesne, E., Gazestani, V. H., & Lewis, N. E. (2020). “Prenatal origins of ASD: The when, what, and how of ASD development”. Trends in Neurosciences, 43 (5), 326-342. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.tins.2020.03.005
Filippova, M. S., & Letyagin, P. I. (2022). “Psikhicheskoye zdorov’ye roditeley detey s rasstroystvami autisticheskogo spektra: Teoreticheskiye aspekty” [“Mental health of parents of children with autism spectrum disorders: Theoretical aspects”]. Mir pedagogiki i psikhologii: Mezhdunarodnyy nauchno-prakticheskiy zhurnal, 07 (72), 98-105.
Fiske, K., & Austin, A. (2022). Family relationships and individuals with Autism. In: Leaf, J. B., Cihon, J. H., Ferguson, J. L., & Gerhardt, P. F. (Eds.) Handbook of quality of life for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (pp. 37-55). Cham: Springer. https://doi. org/10.1007/978-3-030-98507-3_4
Hosseinpour, A., Younesi, S. J., Azkhosh, M., Safi, M. H., & Biglarian, A. (2022). “Exploring challenges and needs of parents providing care to children with autism spectrum disorders: A qualitative study”. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 16 (3), e127300. https://doi.org/10.5812/ijpbs-127300
Kashtanova, S. N., & Kudryavtsev, V. A. (2024). ”Phenomenology of the inclusive potential of the family as a factor in socialization of children with disabilities”. Perspektivy nauki i obrazovania – Perspectives of Science and Education, 68 (2), 357-371. https://doi. org/10.32744/pse.2024.2.22
Kashtanova, S. N., Kudryavtsev, V. A., Davydova, Y. P., & Romanova, A. A. (2023). Modeli-rovaniye sistemy otsenki i analiza inklyuzivnogo potentsiala semey, vospityvayushchikh detey s ogranichennymi vozmozhnostyami zdorov’ya [Modeling the system for assessing and analyzing the inclusive potential of families raising children with disabilities].
Nizhny Novgorod: Gladkova O. V. Kisova, V. V., & Koneva, I. A. (2022). ”Roditel’skaya pozitsiya v sem’yakh, vospityvayushchikh doshkol’nikov s rasstroystvami autisticheskogo spectra” [”Parental attitude in families bringing up preschoolers with autism spectrum disorders”]. Autism and Developmental Disorders, 20 (1), 12-19. https://doi.org/10.17759/autdd.2022200102
Marriott, E., Stacey, J., Hewitt, O. M., & Verkuijl, N. E. (2022). “Parenting an autistic child: Experiences of parents with significant autistic traits”. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52 (7), 3182-3193. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05182-7
Morozov, S. A., & Chigrina, S. G. (2022). “Issledovaniye osobennostey semey, vospityva- yushchikh detey s autizmom” [“Research of characteristics of families raising children with ASD”]. Autism and Developmental Disorders, 20 (2), 78-84. https://doi.org/10.17759/ autdd.2022200209
Morozov, S. A., Morozova, S. S., & Morozova, T. I. (2021). “Issledovaniye otnosheniya rodite- ley k osobennostyam razvitiya svoikh detey s autizmom” [“The study of parent attitude to the developmental features of children with autism”]. Autism and Developmental Disorders, 19 (4), 32-39. https://doi.org/10.17759/autdd.2021190404
Morozov, S. A., Morozova, S. S., Tarasova, N. V., & Chigrina, S. G. (2023). “Issledovaniye otnosheniy vnutri sem’i, imeyushchey rebenka s autizmom, i yeye otnosheniy s sotsial’nym okruzheniyem” [“Research on relationships within a family having a child with autism, and family relations with the social environment”]. Autism and Developmental Disorders, 21 (1), 86-93. https://doi.org/10.17759/autdd.2023210110
Pavlov, Y. I. (2020). “Model’ vovlecheniya sem’i v mediko-sotsial’nuyu reabilitatsiyu detey s ogranichennymi vozmozhnostyami zdorov’ya” [“Model of family involvement in medical and social rehabilitation of children with disabilities”]. Universitetskaya meditsina Urala, 6 (2/21), 77-80.
Pavlova, A. V. (2022). Resursy semey, vospityvayushchikh detey s razlichnymi ogranicheniyami v sostoyanii zdorov’ya [Resources of families raising children with various health limitations]. A methodological guide for educational workers and specialists of PPPMS centers. Moscow: FGEBU “IPK RAO”.
Razenkova, Y. A., Pavlova, A. V., & Romanovsky, N. V. (2022). “Resursy sem’i, vospityvayushchey rebenka s ogranichennymi vozmozhnostyami zdorov’ya i ili invalidnost’yu: Analiz materialov vserossiyskogo oprosa” [“Resources of a family raising a child with disabilities or health limitations: Analysis of materials from a nationwide survey”]. Defectology, 2, 52-65.
Schwartzman, J. M., Millan, M. E., Uljarevic, M., & Gengoux, G. W. (2022). “Resilience intervention for parents of children with autism: Findings from a randomized controlled trial of the AMOR method”. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52 (2), 738-757. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-04977-y
Starobina, E. M. (2018). “Ob izuchenii reabilitatsionnogo potentsiala sem’i, vospityvayush- chey rebenka s ogranichennymi vozmozhnostyami zdorov’ya” [“On studying the rehabilitation potential of families raising children with disabilities”]. Izvestia: Herzen University Journal of Humanities & Sciences, 190, 63-69.
Tkacheva, V. V. (2016). “Realizatsiya semeyno-tsentrirovannogo podkhoda v usloviyakh sluzhby ranney pomoshchi” [“Implementation of a family-centered approach in the conditions of early assistance services”]. Korrektsionnaya pedagogika: Teoriya i praktika, 2 (68), 17-21
.
Tkacheva, V. V. (2023). “Kompetentsii roditeley v oblasti spetsial’noy pedagogiki i spetsial’noy psikhologii kak vazhneysheye usloviye vospitaniya, obucheniya i sotsializatsii rebenka s ogranichennymi vozmozhnostyami zdorov’ya” [“The competencies of parents in the field of special pedagogy and special psychology as the most important condition for the upbringing, trainig, and socialization of a child with disabilities”]. Scienca and School, 3, 87-95. https://doi. org/10.31862/1819-463X-2023-3-87-95
World Health Organization (2013). Meeting report: Autism spectrum disorders and other developmental disorders: From raising awareness to building capacity. Available: https://iris.who. int/bitstream/handle/10665/103312/9789241506618_eng.pdf;jsessionid=1B625D9EA6E33 62653EE420EEFB3B361?sequence=1
Publicado
2024-11-04
Cómo citar
Kashtanova, S., Kudryavtsev, V., Davydova, Y., & Romanova, A. (2024). Enfoques centrados en la familia para mejorar la socialización y la inclusión de los niños con autismo. Interacción Y Perspectiva, 15(1), 54-66. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14030973
Sección
Artículos de Investigación
