Topical Treatments for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: A Narrative Review, with Systematic Literature Search
Abstract
Leishmaniasis comprises a group of diseases caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania transmitted by the bite of a hematophagous vector insect. This complex group of diseases depending on the infecting Leishmania species and the host's immune system, can cause ulcerative skin lesions, disfiguring muco-cutaneous lesions, to a visceral form causing death. The main tool in the treatment of the different clinical forms of leishmaniasis have been pentavalent antimonials in doses of 20 mg / kg per day for 20 days with an efficacy close to 85%. This treatment is painful and highly toxic, many patients do not finish the treatment, which favors the reactivation of the lesion, the compromise in the mucosa and the appearance of resistance. In this sense, it is intended that one of the treatments for skin lesions be applied topically, however, to date this treatment does not exist. In this work, a review has been carried out on the preclinical and clinical trials of topical treatments for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in the databases "Lilacs and pubmed", having 36 articles for the total review and finding an efficiency in most of them
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