Demographic and epidemiological aspects associated with immunity to the hepatitis B virus in university students in the health area

  • Miriam Ivonne Fernández Nieto Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Carrera de Enfermería. Ambato-Tungurahua. Ecuador
  • Nereida Josefina Valero Cedeño Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico. Jipijapa-Manabí. Ecuador http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3496-8848
  • Danna Nicolle Álava Zambrano Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico. Jipijapa-Manabí. Ecuador
  • Kathiuska Jamileth Hidalgo Ramirez Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico. Jipijapa-Manabí. Ecuador
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5520696
Keywords: antigen, hepatitis B, immunity, demography

Abstract

Hepatitis B is a serious infection caused by a virus from the Hepadnaviridae family. It is estimated that 57% of cases of liver cirrhosis and 78% of primary liver cancer are caused by hepatitis B or C viruses. This study investigates the demographic and epidemiological aspects associated with immunity to the hepatitis B virus in students from the health area. The research design was descriptive, prospective and cross-sectional, with an explanatory level. The study population selected by simple random sampling. Specific anti-surface antigen antibodies to hepatitis B virus were determined in serum samples by ELISA. Of the total analyzed, the highest immunity was in the female gender from 17 to 22 years old, of mixed race (94%); 20.82% of the students were seronegative. The results on the epidemiological aspects related to immunity in the study sample show the need to implement vaccination campaigns in health students and investigate factors associated with the lack of response to the vaccine in non-responders

Author Biography

Nereida Josefina Valero Cedeño, Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico. Jipijapa-Manabí. Ecuador

Degree in Bioanalysis. Magister Scientiarum in Biology, Mention Basic Immunology. Doctor in Immunology. Postdoctorate in Immunology and Infectious Diseases. Teacher-Researcher hired. Clinical Laboratory Career. Faculty of Health Sciences. Southern State University of Manabi. Manabí-Ecuador, among the different positions held, are former Director of the Institute of Clinical Research “Dr. Américo Negrette. ” Faculty of Medicine, University of Zulia. Maracaibo Venezuela. Former head of the Virology Section. Institute of Clinical Research. "Dr. Américo Negrette. ” Faculty of Medicine, University of Zulia. Maracaibo Venezuela. Former director of the Research Division of the Faculty of Medicine, Universidad del Zulia. Maracaibo Venezuela. Ex-coordinator of the Research Master in Biomedicine. Institute of Clinical Research. "Dr. Américo Negrette. ” Faculty of Medicine, University of Zulia. Maracaibo Venezuela. Ex-coordinator of the Master in Infectious Diseases of the University of Alcalá, Spain. Professional experience in the areas of immunology and virology. His research focuses on the diagnosis and epidemiology of emerging and reemerging viral infections such as Venezuelan equine encephalitis, dengue fever, yellow fever and respiratory syncytial virus among others. He has presented numerous communications to congresses and lectured at national and international scientific events. He has published more than 110 scientific papers in refereed journals, as well as reviews, chapters in books and monographs, both nationally and internationally. Member of the Editing Commission and expert evaluator in the area of immunology and virology of the Clinical Research Journals, Kasmera, REDIELUZ, Medical Journal of the Dr. Adolfo Pons Hospital and of the Ibero-American Journal of Applied Research. Member of the Venezuelan Society of Microbiology, Member of the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (ASTMH) and Member of the Venezuelan Association for the Advancement of Science (AsoVAC).

E-mail: nere98@hotmail.com  valero.nereida@gmail.com

ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3496-8848

References

Cabezas S C, Suárez J M, Romero C G, Carrillo P C, García MP, Reátegui S J, et al. Hiperendemicidad de hepatitis viral B y Delta en pueblos indígenas de la amazonía peruana. Rev Peru Med Exp y Salud Pública [Internet]. 2006;23(2). Disponible en: https://rpmesp.ins.gob.pe/rpmesp/article/view/1071 DOI: 10.17843/rpmesp.2006.232.1071

MedlinePlus. Hepatitis B: MedlinePlus en español [Internet]. 2019 [citado 15 de octubre de 2019]. Disponible en: https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/hepatitisb.html

Serra M. Virus de la hepatitis B. [Online]. [cited 2019 octubre 10. Available from: https://www.seimc.org/contenidos/ccs/revisionestematicas/viromicromol/VHBrev.pdf

World Health Organization. Hepatitis: How can I protect myself from hepatitis B? [Internet]. 2015 [citado 15 de octubre de 2019]. Disponible en: https://www.who.int/news-room/q-a-detail/hepatitis-b-how-can-i-protect-myself

Planned Parenthood. Síntomas de hepatitis B [Internet]. [citado 20 de octubre de 2019]. Disponible en: https://www.plannedparenthood.org/es/temas-de-salud/enfermedades-de-transmision-sexual-ets/que-es-la-hepatitis-b/cuales-son-los-sintomas-de-hepatitis-b

Cortés L, Domínguez M, Simón MÁ. Hepatitis B. En: Montoro Huguet MA, García Pagán JC, editores. Gastroenterología y Hepatología Problemas comunes en la práctica clínica [Internet]. 2 ed. Madrid-España: Jarpyo Editores, S.A.; 2012 [citado 15 de octubre de 2010]. p. 769-86. Disponible en: https://www.aegastro.es/documents/pdf/53_Hepatitis_B.pdf

Vildózola H, Bazul V, Cambillo E, Torres J, Flores ME, Ramos E. Prevalencia de la infección y factores de riesgo para Hepatitis B en dos grupos de gestantes adolescentes en relación al número de parejas sexuales. Rev Gastroenterol del Perú [Internet]. 2006;26(3):242-58. Disponible en: http://www.revistagastroperu.com/index.php/rgp/article/view/615 DOI: 10.47892/rgp.2006.263.615

Cabezas S. C. Epidemiología de las hepatitis virales B (HVB) y Delta (HVD) en el Perú. Rev Peru Med Exp y Salud Pública [Internet]. 1997;14(1):57-62. Disponible en: https://rpmesp.ins.gob.pe/rpmesp/article/view/717/723 DOI: 10.17843/rpmesp.1997.141.717.

Organización Mundial de la Salud. Los datos más recientes ponen de relieve la necesidad de actuar urgentemente a nivel mundial contra las hepatitis [Internet]. 2017 [citado 6 de junio de 2019]. Disponible en: https://www.who.int/es/news/item/21-04-2017-new-hepatitis-data-highlight-need-for-urgent-global-response.

Associación Catalana de Malalts d’Hepatitis. Generalidades acerca de la hepatitis B [Internet]. 2018 [citado 6 de junio de 2019]. Disponible en: https://asscat-hepatitis.org/hepatitis-viricas/hepatitis-b/informacion-basica-sobre-la-hepatitis-b/generalidades-acerca-de-la-hepatitis-b/

Bayas Rodríguez JM. Hepatitis B en instituciones penitenciarias. Estrategias para su prevención [Internet] [Tesis Doctoral]. Barcelona-España: Universidad de Barcelona. División de Ciencias de la Salud. 1991. 189 pp. Disponible en: https://www.tdx.cat/bitstream/handle/10803/2855/01.JMBR_1de2.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y.

Organización Mundial de la Salud. Hepatitis B [Internet]. 2020 [citado 6 de junio de 2019]. Disponible en: https://www.who.int/es/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hepatitis-b.

OPS/OMS Ecuador. OPS/OMS alienta a los países de las Américas a actuar para reducir las muertes por hepatitis y mejorar la prevención y el tratamiento [Internet]. 2016 [citado 25 de octubre de 2019]. p. 1. Disponible en: https://www3.paho.org/ecu/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1791:ops-oms-alienta-a-los-paises-de-las-americas-a-actuar-para-reducir-las-muertes-por-hepatitis-y-mejorar-la-prevencion-y-el-tratamiento&Itemid=360

Ramírez F. Las consecuencias de la hepatitis B [Internet]. [citado 27 de octubre de 2019]. Disponible en: https://www.vix.com/es/imj/salud/146151/las-consecuencias-de-la-hepatitis-b

Tambini G, Mung Suan K, Raad J. Hepatitis B: situación mundial y regional. Biomédica. 1998;18(2):169-172. Disponible en: https://revistabiomedica.org/index.php/biomedica/article/view/986. DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.v18i2.986

Organización Panamericana de la Salud. Plan de acción para la prevención y el control de las hepatitis virales [Internet]. Washington DC-USA; 2016. Disponible en: www.paho.org/hq/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&Itemid=&gid=32197&lang=es

Bautista Amorocho H, Castellanos Domínguez YZ, Farfán García AE. Marcadores serológicos y moleculares de infección por el virus de la hepatitis B en estudiantes universitarios colombianos. Rev Colomb Gastroenterol [Internet]. 2012;27(4):282-90. Disponible en: https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=337731607005

Pallás Álvarez JR, Gómez Holgado MS, Llorca Díaz J, Delgado Rodríguez M. Vacunación de la hepatitis B. Indicaciones del test serológico postvacunal y la dosis de refuerzo. Rev Esp Salud Publica [Internet]. 2000;74(5-6):475-82. Disponible en: https://www.mscbs.gob.es/biblioPublic/publicaciones/recursos_propios/resp/revista_cdrom/VOL74/74_5_475.pdf

Esteve M, Casas I. Epidemiología y prevención de las hepatitis víricas. Med Integr [Internet]. 2000;36(8):313. Disponible en: https://www.elsevier.es/es-revista-medicina-integral-63-articulo-epidemiologia-prevencion-hepatitis-viricas-12972

Organización Mundial de la Salud. Vacunas contra la hepatitis B. [Online]. [citado 31 de octubre de 2019]. Available from: https://www.who.int/immunization/wer7928HepB_July04_position_paper_SP.pdf

Wallace LA, Bramley JC, Ahmed S, Duff R, Hutchinson SJ, Carman WF, et al. Determinants of universal adolescent hepatitis B vaccine uptake. Arch Dis Child [Internet]. 2004;89(11):1041-2. Disponible en: http://adc.bmj.com/content/89/11/1041.abstract DOI: 10.1136/adc.2003.043687 PMID 15499061 PMCID PMC1719704

Albayrak A, Ertek M, Tasyaran MA, Pirim I. Role of HLA Allele Polymorphism in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection and HBV Vaccine Sensitivity in Patients from Eastern Turkey. Biochem Genet [Internet]. 2011;49(3):258-69. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10528-010-9404-6 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-010-9404-6 PMID 21188498

Mayo Clinic. Hepatitis B [Internet]. 2017. [citado 25 de octubre de 2019]. Disponible en: https://www.mayoclinic.org/es-es/diseases-conditions/hepatitis-b/symptoms-causes/syc-20366802

Valero Cedeño NJ, Fernández Nieto MI. Importancia de la inmunización anti virus de Hepatitis B en estudiantes de Enfermería. Enfermería Investig [Internet]. 2018;3(3):155-9. Disponible en: https://revistas.uta.edu.ec/erevista/index.php/enfi/article/view?path= DOI: 10.31243/enferm.%20investig..v3i3.399

Denham JM. Hepatitis B [Internet]. [citado 30 de octubre de 2019]. Disponible en: https://kidshealth.org/es/teens/std-hepatitis.html

Published
2021-09-25
How to Cite
1.
Fernández Nieto MI, Valero Cedeño NJ, Álava Zambrano DN, Hidalgo Ramirez KJ. Demographic and epidemiological aspects associated with immunity to the hepatitis B virus in university students in the health area. Kasmera [Internet]. 2021Sep.25 [cited 2024Jul.6];49(Supl 1):e49S135705. Available from: https://mail.produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/kasmera/article/view/35705
Issue
Vol. 49 No. Supl 1 (2021)
Section
Original Articles

Copyright (c) 2021 Miriam Ivonne Fernández Nieto, Nereida Josefina Valero Cedeño, Danna Nicolle Álava Zambrano, Kathiuska Jamileth Hidalgo Ramirez

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Kasmera journal is registered under a Creative Commons an Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0), available at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/deed.en; which guarantees the freedom to share-copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and adapt-remix, transform and build from the material, provided that the name of the authors, the Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Zulia´s University and Kasmera Journal, you must also provide a link to the original document and indicate if changes have been made.

The Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Zulia and Kasmera Journal do not retain the rights to published manuscript and the contents are the sole responsibility of the authors, who retain their moral, intellectual, privacy and publicity rights. The guarantee on the intervention of the manuscript (revision, correction of style, translation, layout) and its subsequent dissemination is granted through a license of use and not through a transfer of rights, which represents the Kasmera Journal and Department Infectious Diseases, University of Zulia are exempt from any liability that may arise from ethical misconduct by the authors.

Kasmera is considered a green SHERPA/RoMEO journal, that is, it allows self-archiving of both the pre-print (draft of a manuscript) and the post-print (the corrected and peer-reviewed version) and even the final version (layout as it will be published in the journal) both in personal repositories and in institutional and databases. 

Most read articles by the same author(s)