Risk factors in gender-based violence against women who go to health units in Ecuador
Risk factors in gender-based violence against women who go to health units in Ecuador
Abstract
The objective of the study is to identify the risk factors for gender violence in women treated in a primary care center in Ecuador, as well as the fre-quency and demographic characteristics, through an observational, quantitative, prospective, and cross-sectional study. Successive sampling of wo-men between 16 to 78 years old, with a past or cu-rrent romantic partner was carried out. A previously validated survey was used, consisting of a ques-tionnaire of questions divided into the “Guidelines” scale for diagnosing the type of violence in cou-ples, which assesses the frequency, intensity, and type of violence. The frequency of gender violence is shown in 100% of the women surveyed, with an average age of 32.6 ± 10.4 years. Regarding the types of violence, physical violence (29.6%) predo-minates, followed by economic (28.4%), psycho-logical (21.6%) and sexual (16.4%). The main risk factors are impulsiveness (37%), lack of communi-cation at home (31%) and having suffered violence from a partner before (19%), which belong to indi-vidual and family factors. There is a high frequency of physical, economic, and psychological gender violence, where risk factors related to cultural pa-tterns intervene. By relating the factors to the type of violence, it was shown that the individual and fa-mily factor has statistically significant associations, including lack of family communication and witnes-sing violence in childhood.
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