Antimicrobial potential of noni (Morinda citrifolia) against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli
Abstract
The antimicrobial capacity of noni (Morinda citrifolia) leaves and fruits was evaluated against bacterial strains Escherichia coli ATCC 11775 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 12600. Three extracts were used: methanolic, ethanolic, and aqueous, aiming to explore alternatives for combating pathogenic bacteria resistant to conventional antibiotics. The samples were dried, ground, and extracted using Soxhlet with ethanol and methanol, and maceration in water for the aqueous extract. Antimicrobial activity was assessed using the Kirby-Bauer method, with concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of each extract and applying 10 µl and 30 µl on sensitivity discs. The most significant inhibition zones were 23.43 mm and 17.10 mm, achieved with methanolic and ethanolic extracts, respectively, establishing a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 25% with 30 µl. Phytochemical screening identified triterpenes, saponins, terpenes, polyphenols, and reducing sugars. Flavonoid quantification using a quercetin calibration curve revealed a maximum concentration of 1034 µg/ml, confirming the antimicrobial potential of these compounds.
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