Eficiencia de la Cloración como Proceso de Desinfección de Aguas Municipales Tratadas en un Sistema Biológico Combinado Anaeróbico-Aeróbico

Nancy Elena  Angulo Cubillán; Yesenia Del Carmen  Dávila Salcedo; Ismenia  Araujo; Julio  Marín

doi:10.22209/rt.v46a17

Nancy Elena Angulo Cubillán Centro de Investigación del Agua (CIA), Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo 4011, Venezuela https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6850-8706
Yesenia Del Carmen Dávila Salcedo Centro de Investigación del Agua (CIA), Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo 4011, Venezuela
Ismenia Araujo Centro de Investigación del Agua (CIA), Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo 4011, Venezuela https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9867-5246
Julio Marín Departamento de Ingeniería Sanitaria y Ambiental (DISA), Escuela de Ingeniería Civil, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo 4011, Venezuela https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2770-5978

Keywords: chlorine, disinfection, fecal coliforms, postreatment, total coliforms

Abstract

Humanity faces serious problems due to water scarcity, and the reuse of treated wastewaters is a viable alternative to have water for various uses, including irrigation. In this research, the efficiency of chlorine disinfection in municipal wastewaters treated by a combined anaerobic-aerobic biological system was evaluated. For this, six different treatments (T) were applied, considering the contact time (20 and 30 min) and the dose (10, 30 and 40 mg/l). The density of total (TCB) and fecal (FCB) coliform bacteria before disinfection of the treated water was 2.8x10⁸ MPN/100 ml, for both parameters, achieving a decrease to 4.10x10³, 3.00x10² and 2.40x10² MPN/100 ml TCB and to 2.10x10¹, 2.20x10² and 2.30x10² MPN/100 ml FCB with treatments T4 (30 mg/l and 30 min), T5 (40 mg/l and 20 min) and T6 (40 mg/l and 30 min), respectively, resulting in removals greater than 99.9 %. These levels of bacteria comply with permissible limits of national regulations for water intended for irrigation of crops (except vegetables for human consumption) and livestock use. Chlorine disinfection processes are an efficient alternative in the conditioning of treated wastewaters.

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Author Biographies

Nancy Elena Angulo Cubillán, Centro de Investigación del Agua (CIA), Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo 4011, Venezuela

Full-time professor assigned to the Water Research Center of the Faculty of Engineering of the University of Zulia. Coordinator of the Microbiology Area at the Water Research Center. Teaching activities at the undergraduate and graduate levels in the School of Civil Engineering, in the master's program in Environmental Sciences, and in the doctoral program in Environmental Engineering of the Faculty of Engineering. Research activities in the areas of environmental microbiology, environmental pollution, soil and water recovery, bioremediation, biotechnology, biological and physicochemical treatment of wastewater, improvement of the quality of treated effluents, reuse of treated wastewater. Extension activities in microbiological analysis of water, soil and food; courses on environmental topics such as Bioremediation of contaminated environments, Artificial wetlands as a treatment system, Removal of metals using wetland systems, Writing of scientific articles. He participates as a reviewer and member of the editorial committee of scientific journals. Level B researcher accredited in the Program to Stimulate Innovation and Research (PEII) of Venezuela

Yesenia Del Carmen Dávila Salcedo, Centro de Investigación del Agua (CIA), Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo 4011, Venezuela

Yesenia Dávila, 34-year-old professional, native of Maracaibo, Edo. Zulia, Venezuela. Graduated from the University of Zulia with a Bachelor of Education in Biology (2012) and a Master of Environmental Sciences (2017) from the same university. Currently pursuing a Doctorate in Education at the Universidad Pedagógica Experimental Libertador. Serving as Internship Coordinator at the Technical Secondary Education level for 4 years. Characterized by being responsible, empathetic with a desire for constant growth and continuous learning.

Ismenia Araujo, Centro de Investigación del Agua (CIA), Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo 4011, Venezuela

Retired professor from the Experimental Faculty of Sciences of the University of Zulia. Teaching activities at the undergraduate level in the Experimental Faculty of Sciences and postgraduate in the master's program in Environmental Sciences. Research activities in the areas of environmental microbiology, microbial corrosion, air microbiology, environmental pollution, soil and water recovery, bioremediation, biotechnology, biological and physicochemical treatment of wastewater, improvement of the quality of treated effluents, reuse of treated wastewater. Extension activities courses on environmental topics. Participates as a reviewer of scientific journals. Level B researcher accredited in the Program to Stimulate Innovation and Research (PEII) of Venezuela.

Julio Marín, Departamento de Ingeniería Sanitaria y Ambiental (DISA), Escuela de Ingeniería Civil, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo 4011, Venezuela

Full-time professor at the Faculty of Engineering of the University of Zulia. Teaching activities at the undergraduate level: School of Civil Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Bachelor of Biology, Bachelor of Chemistry; at the master's level: master's program in environmental sciences, master's program in microbiology; at the doctoral level: doctoral program in environmental engineering, doctoral program in engineering. Research activities in the following areas: water and sediment quality, environmental risk, aquatic ecotoxicology, eutrophication, biological wastewater treatment, ecology of natural waters, water-sediment interactions, environmental microbiology, tracers of organic matter in aquatic ecosystems (components biochemicals and natural stable isotopes), environmental chemistry, environmental pollution, bioremediation, biotechnology. Extension activities in physicochemical analysis of water, sediment, soil and biota; courses on environmental topics, etc. He participates as a reviewer and member of the editorial board of several scientific journals. Researcher of the Prometeo project (Ecuador). Level C researcher accredited in the Program to Stimulate Innovation and Research (PEII) of Venezuela. Guest professor at the Polytechnic University of Engineering (Honduras), Universidad de la Guajira (Colombia), Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabí (Ecuador), Universidad Católica de Santa María (Peru).

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Efficiency of Chlorination as a Disinfection Process for Municipal Water Treated in a Combined Anaerobic-Aerobic Biological System

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