Vulnerability to the contamination of underground waters in the Coquivacoa Parish of the Maracaibo Municipality-Zulia State

• Wilmer Márquez Universidad del Zulia-Venezuela
• Nola Femández Universidad del Zulia-Venezuela
• Williams Cerón Universidad del Zulia-Venezuela

Abstract

The cartography of the vulnerability of the aquifer mantels is one of the most appropriate alternatives to preserve the quality of the underground waters. She allows differentiating the natural characteristics of the land to protect to the aquifer of the action of multiple pollutants that can infiltrate from the surface, associated to natural phenomena or to the man's activity. In Venezuela, the underground waters occupy a fundamental paper in the population's supply, agriculture and the industry. The presented work evaluates the natural vulnerability of the aquifers in the Parish Coquivacoa of the Municipality Maracaibo, to inclination, of a methodology that calculates the vulnerability index that lndex of PATHS has been denominated. This index is obtained starting from the analysis of: Precipitations, Half Aquifer (Depth of the Phreatic Level, Litology of the aquifer), Topography (Slope of the land) and Hydraulic Resistivity of the floor. The whole information was processed using the theory Convolution of Gosh and the algorithms of the Nested Regression and as a result the Parish Coquivacoa was represented to scale 1:5000 that it constitutes the starting point to decide on investigations and monitoring nets to detailed scales, to dictate political of control to the agricultural, industrial, urban activities, and besides evaluating the danger of contamination of the underground waters.