Actividad antimicrobiana del aceite esencial de Cymbopogon schoenanthus extraído mediante un sistema de destilación solar

• Zineb Safa Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Laboratory of Saharan Natural Resources, University of Adrar, National Road No 06 Adrar 01000, Adrar, Algeria. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5518-3391
• Ahmed Boulal Faculty of natural and life sciences, Laboratory of Saharan Natural Resources, University of Adrar, National Road No 06 Adrar 01000, Adrar, Algeria. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9017-7699
• Khawla Zahra Hadef Faculty of natural and life sciences, Laboratory of Saharan Natural Resources, University of Adrar, National Road No 06 Adrar 01000, Adrar, Algeria. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7211-1688
• Katia Djenadi Department of Food Sciences, Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry, University of Bejaia, Targa ouzemour 06000, Bejaia, Bejaia, Algeria https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0513-0985

Palabras clave: plantas medicinales y aromáticas, hierba de camello, aceite esencial, diluciones, zonas de inhibición

Resumen

Cymbopogon schoenanthus (L.) Spreng es una planta medicinal aromática que crece en Argelia. Se llama comúnmente hierba de camello y se conoce con el nombre local de «Lemmad». Tradicionalmente, se ha usado para tratar diversas enfermedades. Por lo tanto, este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la actividad antimicrobiana del aceite esencial de Cymbopogon schoenanthus (EOCS), cultivado en Timiaouine, Argelia. Para la extracción del aceite se empleó un sistema de destilación solar (SD). Esta extracción tuvo lugar en junio de 2023. Posteriormente, se realizó la determinación de las propiedades físicas. Mediante el test de difusión en hoyos en agar se evaluó la actividad antimicrobiana frente a cuatro bacterias y una levadura. Se utilizaron varias diluciones y se midieron las zonas de inhibición para determinar el alcance de la actividad antimicrobiana. En este estudio, el rendimiento se estimó en un 0,97 %, con una densidad de 0,8490 y un índice de refracción de 1,4850. Las propiedades antimicrobianas de este aceite esencial (AE) mostraron su eficacia contra Escherichia coli (EC) y Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) en diluciones de 1/3 y 1/4, con diámetros de inhibición que variaban entre 15 y 9 mm. Por otra parte, otras cepas mostraron resistencia en todas las diluciones. Esta investigación indica que el EOCS extraído mediante el proceso SD tiene propiedades antibacterianas eficaces contra las bacterias Gram-. Además, se requieren investigaciones adicionales para aclarar y evaluar los efectos de la composición química, mejorando así nuestra comprensión del mecanismo subyacente.

Citas

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