Características biométricas dos cereais forrageiros de inverno crescidos sob fertilização com nitrogênio em condições de chuva temperada

• Muhammad Jamil Department of Agronomy, Faculty of crop and food sciences, PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Poonch Rawalakot https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1253-503X
• Muhammad Ansar Department of Agronomy, Faculty of crop and food sciences, PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4451-4321
• Zammurad Iqbal Ahmed Department of Agronomy, Faculty of crop and food sciences, PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7567-4569
• Tanveer Ahmed Department of Livestock Production and Management, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4289-8803
• Muhammad Shehzad Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Poonch Rawalakot https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6438-7919
• Aqeel Ahmad Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Poonch Rawalakot https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1003-0735
• Imran Mahmood Department of Agronomy, Faculty of crop and food sciences, PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5586-3271

Palavras-chave: rendimento, silagem, níveis de nitrogênio, cereais forrageiros de inverno

Resumo

Os agricultores de áreas montanhosas enfrentam severa escassez de forragem no inverno, exceto por terem apenas hastes secas de cereais de verão. O estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a adaptabilidade de cereais forrageiros de inverno (cevada, aveia, centeio e triticale) e quantificar a dose adequada de nitrogênio (0, 75, 150 e 225 kg.ha^-1) para avaliação de características biométricas e qualitativas. de cereais forrageiros de inverno (WFCs) na fase de inicialização (BS) e fase de massa de ordenha (MDS) cultivadas em condições temperadas. Testes de campo de dois anos (2016-2017 e 2017-2018) foram executados na Universidade de Poonch Rawalakot, Paquistão. A forragem colhida e depois preservada como silagem pela adição de ácido fórmico e melaço como aditivos na taxa de 5 kg.t^-1. A safra de centeio em conjunto com 225 kg.ha-1 de nitrogênio gerou maior altura de planta, o que levou à maior forragem verde (55413 e 43542 kg.ha^-1) e produção de matéria seca (188471 e 12440 kg.ha^-1) durante anos de 2017 e 2018, respectivamente. Já a cultivar de aveia apresentou melhor desempenho para massa fresca, massa seca e área foliar por planta. Mais teores de proteína bruta foram registrados para a cultura do triticale no nível de N3 com uso de melaço durante ambos os anos em ambas as fases de corte (booting e massa de ordenha). Mais fibra bruta foi observada na cultura da cevada no nível de controle da fertilização com nitrogênio, tanto na fase de inicialização quanto na fase de ordenha da massa. A análise de correlação revelou uma inter-relação direta entre os atributos de produção e a produção de forragem de cereais forrageiros de inverno e, portanto, indicando a necessidade de fornecimento de nitrogênio na proporção de 225 kg.ha^-1 para melhorar as características biométricas de WFCs.

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