Caracterização fenotípica e simbiôntica de bactérias noduladoras de Genista saharae na região árida da Argélia

• Manel Djouama Department of Nature and Life Sciences, University Mohamed Khider, BP 145 RP, Biskra 07000, Algeria. Laboratoire d’Ecologie Microbienne, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la vie, Université de Bejaia,06000 Bejaia, Algeria https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5073-8322
• Abdelhamid Foughalia Biotechnology Laboratory, Scientific and Technical Research Center on Arid Regions. (CRSTRA.Biskra), Algeria. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4358-0434
• Farida Boulila Laboratoire d’Ecologie Microbienne, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la vie, Université de Bejaia,06000 Bejaia, Algeria. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1968-7610
• Adel Chala Laboratory of Applied Mathematics. University of Mohemed Khider. P O Box 145, Biskra 07000, Algeria. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3107-8399

Palavras-chave: rizóbios, caracterização morfofisiológica, caracterização bioquímica

Resumo

Foram isoladas vinte estirpes bacterianas de nódulos radiculares de Genista saharae que cresciam espontaneamente em Biskra e El Oued, no nordeste do Saara argelino. Este estudo focou na obtenção de isolados de bactérias nodulares de leguminosas (BNL) de G. saharae e avaliou sua eficácia na formação de uma relação simbiótica com Vigna unguiculata por meio de inoculação cruzada. Além disso, identificaram-se as estirpes BNL de sucesso com base em suas características fenotípicas. A capacidade de crescimento dos isolados sob diferentes condições de salinidade [NaCl] e níveis de pH foi investigada com um espectrofotômetro (leitor de microplacas de 96 poços). Os sistemas API 20NE e API 20E foram usados para identificar as características bioquímicas dos isolados. Adicionalmente, as amostras de solo rizosférico dos dois locais de estudo foram analisadas com técnicas analíticas padrão. Todos os isolados estabeleceram simbioses eficazes com Vigna unguiculata, eram bastonetes Gram-negativos e de rápido crescimento. A temperatura ótima de crescimento foi entre 28 °C e 37 °C; alguns isolados eram termófilos e resistiram ao calor extremo (45-50 °C). Além disso, mostraram ampla tolerância ao pH (5-10) e à salinidade (100 mM a 500 mM). Os resultados bioquímicos revelaram que os isolados assimilaram diversas fontes de carbono e nitrogênio e exibiram várias atividades enzimáticas. A análise físico-química mostrou que todos os solos eram pobres em nutrientes e tinham pH alcalino. Este estudo identificou estirpes tolerantes ao estresse, úteis para futuras aplicações ambientais.

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https://doi.org/10.1078/0723-2020-00273