Novel technological parameters for the gum exudate of a venezuelan specimen of Anacardium occidentale
Parámetros tecnológicos novedosos del exudado gomoso de un espécimen venezolano de Anacardium occidentale
Abstract
Physicochemical parameters of technological interest (not classic) for the gum of a Venezuelan specimen of A. occidentale were determined. The solubility in different solvents, swelling index, pH at room temperature, molecular weight distribution by SEC, surface morphology by SEM, and viscosity studies in solution were determined. The gum in study is very soluble in water (96.03 %), which corresponds with an index of swelling down (scarcely it duplicates its volume in water). The microscopy SEM revealed an amorphous morphology, type coral, for the original gum. The studies of viscosity demonstrated that the molecules adopt two types of conformation in solution: extended (rod-like) in water and in NaCl 0.1 M, and “random coil” in NaCl 1M. The Ca+2 exerts higher saline effect, and therefore interchain one, than Al+3. The emulsifying capacity was related to the presence of AGPs complexes and/or hydrophobic groups in the structure of the gum. The physicochemical parameters of A. occidentale could be take in account for using to industrial level.
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