Calidad de vida en adultos mayores profesionales de Ecuador
Palabras clave:
adultos mayores, satisfacción con la calidad de vida, bienestar subjetivo, profesionales
Resumen
El propósito consistió en analizar la calidad de vida de los adultos mayores a partir de los los predictores del bienestar subjetivo y de acuerdo con el nivel de profesionalismo, empleando técnicas estadísticas multivariantes. El presente estudio es de tipo no experimental, de lógica deductiva, de corte transversal y de alcance correlacional-causal. Se aplicó una encuesta a una muestra de 500 adultos mayores en Ecuador. Los resultados evidenciaron efectos positivos y significativos que causan predictores como la situación económica, la importancia familiar, la percepción de salud, la independencia de actividades diarias y la suma de recursos percibidos relacionados con la alimentación en la calidad de vida de los adultos mayores. Además, los adultos mayores no profesionales presentaron más sensibilidad ante una percepción mala de la salud, mientras que los profesionales priorizan su satisfacción con la situación económica.
Citas
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Peng, H., Mao, X., & Lai, D. (2015). East or West, home is the best: Effect of intergenerational and social support on the subjective well-being of older adults: A comparison between migrants and local residents in Shenzhen, China. Ageing International, 40(4), 376-392.
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Schneider, G. (2004). What influences self-perception of health in the elderly? The role of objective health condition, subjective well-being and sense of coherence. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 39, 227-237.
Schnettler, B., Denegri, M., Miranda, H., Sepúlveda, J., Mora, M., & Lobos, G. (2014). Satisfaction with life and with food-related life in central Chile. Psicothema, 26, 200-206.
Slivinske, L. R., Fitch, V. L., & Morawski, D. P. (1996). The Wellness Index: Developing an instrument to assess elders’ well-being. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 25(3-4), 185-204.
Steptoe, A., Deaton, A., & Stone, A. (2015). Subjective wellbeing, health, and ageing. The Lancet, 385(9968), 640-648.
Tesch-Römer, C., Motel-Klingebiel, A., & Tomasik, M. (2008), Gender differences in subjective well-being: comparing societies with respect to gender equality. Social Indicators Research, 82, 329-349.
Windle, G. (2014), Exercise, physical activity and mental well-being in later life. Reviews in Clinical Gerontology, 24(4), 319-325.
Yunong, H. (2012), Family relations and life satisfaction of older people: a comparative study between two different hukous in China. Ageing & Society, 32(1), 19-40.
Angelini, V., Cavapozzi, D., Corazzini, L., & Paccagnella, O. (2012). Age, Health and Life Satisfaction Among Older Europeans. Social Indicators Research, (105), 293-308.
Angner, E., Ghandhi, J., Williams, K., Amante, D., & Allison, J. (2013), Daily Functioning, Health Status, and Happiness in Older Adults. Journal of Happiness Studies, (14), 1563-1574.
Arévalo-Avecillas, D., Game, C., Padilla-Lozano, C., & Wong, N. (2019). Predictores de la calidad de vida subjetiva en adultos mayores de zonas urbanas y rurales de la provincia del Guayas, Ecuador. Información Tecnológica, 30(5).
Baernholdt, M., Hinton, I., Yan, G., Rose, K., & Mattos, M. (2012). Factors associated with quality of life in older adults in the United States. Quality of Life Research, 21, 527-534.
Burroughs, J., & Rindfleisch, A. (2002). Materialism and well-being: a conflicting values perspective. Journal of Consumer Research, 29, 348-370.
Cheng, S. T., & Chan, A. C. (2006), Filial piety and psychological well-being in well older Chinese. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 61(5), 262-269.
Cho, J., Martin, P., Poon, L. W., & Study, G. C. (2014). Successful aging and subjective well-being among oldest-old adults. The Gerontologist, 55(1), 132-143.
Dean, M., Grunert, K., Raats, M., Nielsen, N., & Lumbers, M. (2008), The impact of personal resources and their goal relevance on satisfaction with food-related life among the elderly. Appetite, 50, 308-315.
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The” what” and” why” of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological inquiry, 11(4), 227-268.
Diener, E., Emmons, R., Larsen, R., & Griffin, S. (1985). The satisfaction with life scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49, 71-75.
German, L., Kahana, C., Rosenfeld, V., Zabrowsky, I., Wiezer, Z., Fraser, D., & Shahar, D. R. (2011). Depressive symptoms are associated with food insufficiency and nutritional deficiencies in poor community-dwelling elderly people. The journal of nutrition, health & aging, 15(1), 3-8.
Greene, W. H. (2003). Econometric analysis (Fifth ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Grunert, K., Dean, D., Raats, M., Nielsen, N., & Lumbers, M. (2007), A measure of satisfaction with food-related life. Appetite, 49(2), 486-493.
Hennessy, C., Moriarty, D., Zack, M., Scherr, P., & brackbill, R. (1994). Measuring health-related quality of life for public health surveillance. Public Health Reports, 109, 665-672.
Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos. (Abril de 2019), Proyecciones Poblacionales. http://www.ecuadorencifras.gob.ec/proyecciones-poblacionales/
Jurkuvėnas, V., Zamalijeva, O., Pakalniškienė, V., Kairys, A., & Bagdonas, A. (2017), Social network size, personality and well-being in preretirement and retirement. Psychology, 55, 7-21.
Katz, S., Ford, A., Moskowitz, R., Jackson, B., & Jaffe, M. (1963). Studies of illness in the aged. The index of ADL: a standardized measure of biological and psychosocial function. JAMA, 185(12), 914-919.
Ku, P. W., Fox, K. R., & Chen, L. J. (2016). Leisure-time physical activity, sedentary behaviors and subjective well-being in older adults: An eight-year longitudinal research. Social Indicators Research, 127(3), 1349-1361.
Kudo, S., Mutisya, E., & Nagao, M. (2015). Population Aging: An Emerging Research Agenda for Sustainable Development. Social Sciences, 4(4), 940-966.
Lachowska, M. (2017), The Effect of Income on Subjective Well-Being: Evidence from the 2008 Economic Stimulus Tax Rebates. Journal of Human Resources, 52(2), 376-417.
Lane, J. A., Leibert, T. W., & Goka‐Dubose, E. (2017). The Impact of Life Transition on Emerging Adult Attachment, Social Support, and Well‐Being: A Multiple‐Group Comparison. Journal of Counseling & Development, 95(4), 378-388.
Mani, A., Mullainathan, S., Shafir, E., & Zhao, J. (2013). Poverty impedes cognitive function. Science, 341(6149), 976-980.
Merz, E. M., & Huxhold, O. (2010), Wellbeing depends on social relationship characteristics: Comparing different types and providers of support to older adults. Ageing & Society, 30(5), 843-857.
Muñoz-Rodríguez, J., Serrate-González, S., & Navarro, A. (2019). Generativity and life satisfaction of active older people: Advances (keys) in educational perspective. Australian Journal of Adult Learning, 59(1), 94-114.
Neubauer, A. B., Schilling, O. K., & Wahl, H. W. (2015). What do we need at the end of life? Competence, but not autonomy, predicts intraindividual fluctuations in subjective well-being in very old age. Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Scie. Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 72(3), 425-435.
Peng, H., Mao, X., & Lai, D. (2015). East or West, home is the best: Effect of intergenerational and social support on the subjective well-being of older adults: A comparison between migrants and local residents in Shenzhen, China. Ageing International, 40(4), 376-392.
Richardson, E. A., Pearce, J., Mitchell, R., Shortt, N. K., & Tunstall, H. (2013), Have regional inequalities in life expectancy widened within the European Union between 1991 and 2008?. The European Journal of Public Health, 24(3), 357-363.
Schneider, G. (2004). What influences self-perception of health in the elderly? The role of objective health condition, subjective well-being and sense of coherence. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 39, 227-237.
Schnettler, B., Denegri, M., Miranda, H., Sepúlveda, J., Mora, M., & Lobos, G. (2014). Satisfaction with life and with food-related life in central Chile. Psicothema, 26, 200-206.
Slivinske, L. R., Fitch, V. L., & Morawski, D. P. (1996). The Wellness Index: Developing an instrument to assess elders’ well-being. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 25(3-4), 185-204.
Steptoe, A., Deaton, A., & Stone, A. (2015). Subjective wellbeing, health, and ageing. The Lancet, 385(9968), 640-648.
Tesch-Römer, C., Motel-Klingebiel, A., & Tomasik, M. (2008), Gender differences in subjective well-being: comparing societies with respect to gender equality. Social Indicators Research, 82, 329-349.
Windle, G. (2014), Exercise, physical activity and mental well-being in later life. Reviews in Clinical Gerontology, 24(4), 319-325.
Yunong, H. (2012), Family relations and life satisfaction of older people: a comparative study between two different hukous in China. Ageing & Society, 32(1), 19-40.
Publicado
2021-01-28
Cómo citar
Arévalo-Avecillas, D. X., Game-Varas, C. I., Padilla-Lozano, C. P., & Wong-Laborde, N. I. (2021). Calidad de vida en adultos mayores profesionales de Ecuador. Revista Venezolana De Gerencia, 26(93), 414-431. https://doi.org/10.52080/rvg93.28
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