Políticas, transferencia y financiamiento: factores clave para Spin offs académicas: Revisión Sistemática de Literatura

• Alexander Romero-Sánchez https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1928-7315
• Geovanny Perdomo-Charry https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4228-1085
• Edy Lorena Burbano-Vallejo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4366-9172

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52080/rvgluz.29.e12.27

Palabras clave: Spin offs académicas, transferencia tecnológica, políticas públicas, financiamiento innovador, colaboración universidad-industria

Resumen

Este estudio emplea una revisión sistemática siguiendo el protocolo PRISMA para analizar el estado actual de las Spin offs académicas como vehículos de transferencia tecnológica y conocimiento desde las universidades hacia el sector productivo. A partir de una búsqueda en Web of Science, se seleccionaron 23 artículos relevantes entre 969 registros iniciales, utilizando criterios rigurosos de inclusión y exclusión. La metodología combina análisis cuantitativos y bibliométricos apoyados en herramientas como Biblioshiny y Posit PBC™. Los resultados identifican cuatro factores fundamentales para el éxito de las Spin offs académicas: políticas públicas y financiamiento, transferencia tecnológica, competencias emprendedoras y capital humano, y modelos de financiación innovadores. El estudio concluye que es esencial equilibrar los recursos públicos y privados, evitando que la comercialización afecte la misión académica, y que la creación de ecosistemas colaborativos es clave para maximizar el impacto de las Spin offs en entornos económicos y sociales.

Citas

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