Gestión de recursos humanos y retención de talento en administración portuaria: revisión sistemática
Palabras clave:
gestión de recursos humanos, administración portuaria, digitalización, sostenibilidad, talento humano
Resumen
Esta revisión sistemática analiza la relación entre las estrategias de gestión de recursos humanos (GRH) y la retención de talento en la administración portuaria, con énfasis en Terminal Internacional del Sur (TISUR). Alineado con el Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible 8, el estudio aborda la intersección entre operaciones marítimas y gestión del capital humano. Siguiendo la metodología PRISMA, se seleccionaron 40 artículos indexados en Scopus y Web of Science (2006-2024) bajo un enfoque cualitativo con criterios de evaluación estandarizados. Los resultados evidencian que la implementación de marcos integrados de gestión del talento mejora la eficiencia operativa y reduce la rotación de personal. Se identificaron cinco dimensiones clave: planificación estratégica de la fuerza laboral, desarrollo de competencias digitales, sostenibilidad, diversidad y gobernanza organizacional. La capacitación en gestión ambiental incrementa la retención de personal especializado, mientras que las iniciativas de igualdad de género aumentan la satisfacción laboral. Este estudio contribuye al conocimiento teórico y práctico al proponer un marco conceptual que integra digitalización, sostenibilidad y gobernanza inclusiva como pilares esenciales para fortalecer la competitividad portuaria mediante una gestión estratégica del talento en entornos marítimos globales.
Citas
Acciaro, M., Ghiara, H., & Cusano, M. I. (2014). Energy management in seaports: A new role for port authorities. Energy policy, 71, 4–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2014.04.013
Bai, X., & Lam, J. S. L. (2019). A copula-GARCH approach for analyzing dynamic conditional dependency structure between liquefied petroleum gas freight rate, product price arbitrage and crude oil price. Energy Economics, 78, 412–427. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2018.10.032
Bergqvist, R., & Monios, J. (2019). Green ports in theory and practice. En Green Ports (pp. 1–17). Elsevier.
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Cabello-Pérez, Rosa Elena, Andrade-Estrada, Myrna Guadalupe, & López-Morales, José Satsumi. (2022). Situación actual del sector portuario y los objetivos del desarrollo sostenible (ODS): el caso del puerto de Veracruz, México. Estudios sociales. Revista de alimentación contemporánea y desarrollo regional, 32(60), e221267. https://doi.org/10.24836/esv32i60.1267
Ferrari, C., Parola, F., & Tei, A. (2015). Governance models and port concessions in Europe: Commonalities, critical issues and policy perspectives. Transport Policy, 41, 60–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2015.03.012
Gonzalez Aregall, M., Bergqvist, R., & Monios, J. (2018). A global review of the hinterland dimension of green port strategies. Transportation research. Part D, Transport and environment, 59, 23–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2017.12.013
González-Cancelas, N., Molina Serrano, B., & Soler Flores, F. (2021). The promotion of the digitalization of the Spanish port system through the business observation tool. Ingeniería y Desarrollo, 38(2), 338–363. https://doi.org/10.14482/inde.38.2.650
Kormych, L. (2020). The gender equality in maritime industries: transnational law perspectives. Lex Portus, 3(2020). https://doi.org/10.26886/2524-101x.3.2020.2
Lam, J. S. L., & Notteboom, T. (2014). The greening of ports: A comparison of port management tools used by leading ports in Asia and Europe. Transport reviews, 34(2), 169–189. https://doi.org/10.1080/01441647.2014.891162
McIlgorm, A., Raubenheimer, K., McIlgorm, D. E., & Nichols, R. (2022). The cost of marine litter damage to the global marine economy: Insights from the Asia-Pacific into prevention and the cost of inaction. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 174(113167), 113167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.113167
Monios, J., & Wilmsmeier, G. (2012). Giving a direction to port regionalisation. Transportation Research. Part A, Policy and Practice, 46(10), 1551–1561. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2012.07.008
Onishchenko, V., Kalinina, H., & Kamyshnykova, E. (2019). Creating the system of management of human resources innovation activity in the sea ports. Proceedings of the 2019 7th International Conference on Modeling, Development and Strategic Management of Economic System (MDSMES 2019).
Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., Shamseer, L., Tetzlaff, J. M., Akl, E. A., Brennan, S. E., Chou, R., Glanville, J., Grimshaw, J. M., Hróbjartsson, A., Lalu, M. M., Li, T., Loder, E. W., Mayo-Wilson, E., McDonald, S., … Alonso-Fernández, S. (2021). Declaración PRISMA 2020: una guía actualizada para la publicación de revisiones sistemáticas. Revista española de cardiologia, 74(9), 790–799. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.recesp.2021.06.016
Pallis, A. A., & Syriopoulos, T. (2007). Port governance models: Financial evaluation of Greek port restructuring. Transport Policy, 14(3), 232-246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2007.03.002
Parola, F., Risitano, M., Ferretti, M., & Panetti, E. (2017). The drivers of port competitiveness: A critical review. Transport Reviews, 37(1), 116-138. https://doi.org/10.1080/01441647.2016.1231232
Pettit, S. J., & Beresford, A. K. C. (2009). Port development: From gateways to logistics hubs. Maritime Policy & Management, 36(3), 253-267. https://doi.org/10.1080/03088830902861144
Puig, M., Wooldridge, C., & Darbra, R. M. (2014). Identification and selection of Environmental Performance Indicators for sustainable port development. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 81(1), 124-130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.02.006
Safa, M., Weeks, K., Stromberg, R., & Azam, A. A. (2018). Strategic port human resource talent acquisition and training: Challenges and opportunities. En Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing (pp. 205–215). Springer International Publishing.
Serebrisky, T., Sarriera, J. M., Suárez-Alemán, A., Araya, G., Briceño-Garmendia, C., & Schwartz, J. (2016). Exploring the drivers of port efficiency in Latin America and the Caribbean. Transport Policy, 45, 31-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2015.09.004
Thai, V. V. (2014). Competencies required by port personnel in the new era: Conceptual framework and case study. International Journal of Shipping and Transport Logistics, 4(1), 49-77. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSTL.2012.044135
Tsamboulas, D., Moraiti, P., & Lekka, A. M. (2012). Performance evaluation for implementation of port community system. Transportation Research Record, 2273(1), 29-37. https://doi.org/10.3141/2273-04
Verhoeven, P. (2010). A review of port authority functions: Towards a renaissance? Maritime Policy & Management, 37(3), 247-270. https://doi.org/10.1080/03088831003700645
Woo, S. H., Pettit, S. J., Kwak, D. W., & Beresford, A. K. C. (2011). Seaport research: A structured literature review on methodological issues since the 1980s. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 45(7), 667-685. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2011.04.014
Zhang, Q., Zheng, S., Geerlings, H., & El Makhloufi, A. (2019). Port governance revisited: How to govern and for what purpose? Transport Policy, 77, 46–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2019.03.001
Bai, X., & Lam, J. S. L. (2019). A copula-GARCH approach for analyzing dynamic conditional dependency structure between liquefied petroleum gas freight rate, product price arbitrage and crude oil price. Energy Economics, 78, 412–427. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2018.10.032
Bergqvist, R., & Monios, J. (2019). Green ports in theory and practice. En Green Ports (pp. 1–17). Elsevier.
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Cabello-Pérez, Rosa Elena, Andrade-Estrada, Myrna Guadalupe, & López-Morales, José Satsumi. (2022). Situación actual del sector portuario y los objetivos del desarrollo sostenible (ODS): el caso del puerto de Veracruz, México. Estudios sociales. Revista de alimentación contemporánea y desarrollo regional, 32(60), e221267. https://doi.org/10.24836/esv32i60.1267
Ferrari, C., Parola, F., & Tei, A. (2015). Governance models and port concessions in Europe: Commonalities, critical issues and policy perspectives. Transport Policy, 41, 60–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2015.03.012
Gonzalez Aregall, M., Bergqvist, R., & Monios, J. (2018). A global review of the hinterland dimension of green port strategies. Transportation research. Part D, Transport and environment, 59, 23–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2017.12.013
González-Cancelas, N., Molina Serrano, B., & Soler Flores, F. (2021). The promotion of the digitalization of the Spanish port system through the business observation tool. Ingeniería y Desarrollo, 38(2), 338–363. https://doi.org/10.14482/inde.38.2.650
Kormych, L. (2020). The gender equality in maritime industries: transnational law perspectives. Lex Portus, 3(2020). https://doi.org/10.26886/2524-101x.3.2020.2
Lam, J. S. L., & Notteboom, T. (2014). The greening of ports: A comparison of port management tools used by leading ports in Asia and Europe. Transport reviews, 34(2), 169–189. https://doi.org/10.1080/01441647.2014.891162
McIlgorm, A., Raubenheimer, K., McIlgorm, D. E., & Nichols, R. (2022). The cost of marine litter damage to the global marine economy: Insights from the Asia-Pacific into prevention and the cost of inaction. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 174(113167), 113167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.113167
Monios, J., & Wilmsmeier, G. (2012). Giving a direction to port regionalisation. Transportation Research. Part A, Policy and Practice, 46(10), 1551–1561. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2012.07.008
Onishchenko, V., Kalinina, H., & Kamyshnykova, E. (2019). Creating the system of management of human resources innovation activity in the sea ports. Proceedings of the 2019 7th International Conference on Modeling, Development and Strategic Management of Economic System (MDSMES 2019).
Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., Shamseer, L., Tetzlaff, J. M., Akl, E. A., Brennan, S. E., Chou, R., Glanville, J., Grimshaw, J. M., Hróbjartsson, A., Lalu, M. M., Li, T., Loder, E. W., Mayo-Wilson, E., McDonald, S., … Alonso-Fernández, S. (2021). Declaración PRISMA 2020: una guía actualizada para la publicación de revisiones sistemáticas. Revista española de cardiologia, 74(9), 790–799. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.recesp.2021.06.016
Pallis, A. A., & Syriopoulos, T. (2007). Port governance models: Financial evaluation of Greek port restructuring. Transport Policy, 14(3), 232-246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2007.03.002
Parola, F., Risitano, M., Ferretti, M., & Panetti, E. (2017). The drivers of port competitiveness: A critical review. Transport Reviews, 37(1), 116-138. https://doi.org/10.1080/01441647.2016.1231232
Pettit, S. J., & Beresford, A. K. C. (2009). Port development: From gateways to logistics hubs. Maritime Policy & Management, 36(3), 253-267. https://doi.org/10.1080/03088830902861144
Puig, M., Wooldridge, C., & Darbra, R. M. (2014). Identification and selection of Environmental Performance Indicators for sustainable port development. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 81(1), 124-130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.02.006
Safa, M., Weeks, K., Stromberg, R., & Azam, A. A. (2018). Strategic port human resource talent acquisition and training: Challenges and opportunities. En Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing (pp. 205–215). Springer International Publishing.
Serebrisky, T., Sarriera, J. M., Suárez-Alemán, A., Araya, G., Briceño-Garmendia, C., & Schwartz, J. (2016). Exploring the drivers of port efficiency in Latin America and the Caribbean. Transport Policy, 45, 31-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2015.09.004
Thai, V. V. (2014). Competencies required by port personnel in the new era: Conceptual framework and case study. International Journal of Shipping and Transport Logistics, 4(1), 49-77. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSTL.2012.044135
Tsamboulas, D., Moraiti, P., & Lekka, A. M. (2012). Performance evaluation for implementation of port community system. Transportation Research Record, 2273(1), 29-37. https://doi.org/10.3141/2273-04
Verhoeven, P. (2010). A review of port authority functions: Towards a renaissance? Maritime Policy & Management, 37(3), 247-270. https://doi.org/10.1080/03088831003700645
Woo, S. H., Pettit, S. J., Kwak, D. W., & Beresford, A. K. C. (2011). Seaport research: A structured literature review on methodological issues since the 1980s. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 45(7), 667-685. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2011.04.014
Zhang, Q., Zheng, S., Geerlings, H., & El Makhloufi, A. (2019). Port governance revisited: How to govern and for what purpose? Transport Policy, 77, 46–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2019.03.001
Publicado
2025-04-03
Cómo citar
Corrales Otazú, C. D., Apaza Miranda, S. J., Sierralta Pinedo, S., & Gordillo Gonzales, W. R. (2025). Gestión de recursos humanos y retención de talento en administración portuaria: revisión sistemática. Revista Venezolana De Gerencia, 30(110), 1146-1158. Recuperado a partir de https://mail.produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/rvg/article/view/43726
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