Capital humano: Actor central para la sostenibilidad organizacional
Palabras clave:
objetivos de desarrollo sostenible, sostenibilidad, gestión corporativa, sector privado, capital humano
Resumen
La finalidad del artículo es examinar la teoría del capital humano y la sostenibilidad, siendo la primera el actor central de la segunda, observando una relación de apoyo de manera efectiva a la dirección estratégica del desarrollo de las empresas. La metodología se fundamenta en el análisis de artículos de investigación de base de datos indexadas de alto impacto como Scopus y Web of Science, estructurando una reflexión del trabajo conceptual de sostenibilidad en las teorías de administración y gestión, con un enfoque en la elucidación a través de la comparación relacional. Se destaca en los resultados que más allá del análisis de las competencias específicas de los colaboradores, es necesario desarrollar una comprensión integral de la sostenibilidad. Por lo que se requiere una estrecha cooperación entre los colaboradores, la gestión formativa y la gerencia de todas las áreas y funciones de la empresa. Las empresas para alcanzar la sostenibilidad dependen absolutamente del apoyo de sus colaboradores. Los diferentes niveles directivos y los planes formativos que se desarrollen en las empresas son claves en el desarrollo e implementación de una estrategia de sostenibilidad.
Citas
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Barrena-Martinez, J., López-Fernández, M., y Romero-Fernández, P. M. (2018). The link between socially responsible human resource management and intellectual capital. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.1658.
Chams, N. y Garcia-Blandon, J. (2019). On the importance of sustainable human resource management for the adoption of sustainable development goals. Resources, Conservation & Recycling, 141, 109-122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2018.10.006.
Claver-Cortés, E., Zaragoza-Sáez, P. y González Illescas, M. (2018). Intellectual capital management: An approach to organizational practices in Ecuador. Intangible Capital, 14(2), 270-285. https://doi.org/10.3926/ic.1158.
Di Fabio, A., y Peiró, J. (2018). Human Capital Sustainability Leadership to Promote Sustainable Development and Healthy Organizations: A New Scale. Sustainability, 10(7), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10072413.
Drela, K. (2020). Sustainable management of human resources in enterprises as an example of sustainable development. Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin-Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie, 61(133), 91-98. https://doi.org/10.17402/404.
Frankovský, M., Birknerová, Z. Štefko, R. y Benková, E. (2019). Implementing the Concept of Neurolinguistic Programming Related to Sustainable Human Capital Development. Sustainability, 11(15). 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11154031.
Gallardo-Vásquez, D., Valdez-Juárez, L. E. y Lizcano-Álvarez, J. L. (2019). Corporate Social Responsibility and Intellectual Capital: Sources of Competitiveness and Legitimacy in Organizations’ Management Practices. Sustainability, 11(20), 1-29. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11205843.
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Gross-Golacka, E., Kusterka-Jefmańska, M. y Jefmański, B. (2020). Can Elements of Intellectual Capital Improve Business Sustainability?-The Perspective of Managers of SMEs in Poland. Sustainability, 12(4), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12041545.
Hamadamin, H. H. y Atan, T. (2019). The Impact of Strategic Human Resource Management Practices on Competitive Advantage Sustainability: The Mediation of Human Capital Development and Employee Commitment. Sustainability, 11(20), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11205782.
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Herman, E. y Suciu, M. C. (2019). “Towards a smart, inclusive and sustainable development. Investment in human capital and innovation. An empirical analysis. Proceedings of the International Conference on Business Excellence, 13(1), 792-803. https://doi.org/10.2478/picbe-2019-0070.
Hitka, M., Kucharcikova, A., Starchon, P., Balazova, Z., Lukac, M. y Stacho, Z. (2019). Knowledge and Human Capital as Sustainable Competitive Advantage in Human Resource Management. Sustainability, 11(18), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11184985.
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Márquez, F. (2019). Desarrollo Sostenible y Medio Ambiente. Samborodón: Universidad ECOTEC. https://www.ecotec.edu.ec/content/uploads/investigacion/libros/dsostenible.pdf
Manuti, A. y Giancaspro, M. (2019). People Make the Difference: An Explorative Study on the Relationship between Organizational Practices, Employees’ Resources, and Organizational Behavior Enhancing the Psychology of Sustainability and Sustainable Development. Sustainability, 11(5). 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11051499.
Mubarik, M. S., Naghavi, N. y Mahmood, R. T. (2019). Intellectual capital, competitive advantage and the ambidexteriry liaison. Human Systems Management, 38(3), 267-277. https://doi.org/10.3233/HSM-180409.
Novikova, O., Ostafiichuck, Y. y Khandii, O. (2019). Mechanism of Strengthening Social and Labor Potential of Sustainable Development. Problemy Ekorozwoju, 14(1), 63-72.
Omelehuk, O. M., Vatras, V.A., Podra, O. P. y Savenko, V. V. (2020). The Importance of Human Capital in Sustainable Economic Development providing: European experience and the legal aspect. Financial and credit activity: problems of theory and practice. 1(32), 507-517.
Oyasu, K. (2019). “Community-Based Learning for Sustainable Development”. Kultur-Revista Interdisciplinaria sobre la cultura de la ciutat, 6(11), 39-62. http://dx.doi.org/10.6035/Kult-ur.2019.6.11.2.
Pacherres-Nolivos, S., Vergara-Romero, A. y Sorhegui-Ortega, R. (2020). Responsabilidad social corporativa y el turismo sostenible. Revista Cientifica ECOCIENCIA, 7(2), 1-20. http://revistas.ecotec.edu.ec/index.php/ecociencia/article/view/340.
Piontek, F. y Piontek, B. (2019). Theoretical Foundations of Human Capital Education in Economic Growth and Development Management. Problemy Ekorozwoju, 14(1), 167-173. https://ekorozwoj.pollub.pl/no27/t.pdf.
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Shleifer, A. y Vishny, R. W. (1997). A Survey of Corporate Governance. The Journal of Finance, 52(2), 737–783. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.1997.tb04820.x.
Simion, D. y Tobă, D. (2018). “Impact Analysis of the Relationship: Intellectual Capital, Performance and Social Responsibility of the Organization”. Current Issues in Corporate Social Responsibility, 63–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70449-4_5.
Sipa, M. (2018). The Factors Determining the Creativity of the Human Capital in the Conditions of Sustainable Development. European Journal of Sustainable Development, 7(2), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2018.v7n2p1.
Stachová, K., Papula, J., Stacho, Z. y Kohnová, L. (2019). External Partnerships in Employee Education and Development as the Key to Facing Industry 4.0 Challenges. Sustainability, 1(2), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11020345.
Tejedo-Romero, F. y Araujo, J. F. F. (2018). Transparency, Social Responsibility and Corporate Governance: Human Capital of companies. Cuadernos de Gestión, 18(2), 133-162. https://doi.org/10.5295/cdg.160693ft.
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Vergara-Romero, A., Olalla-Hernández, A., Yturralde, J. M. y Sorhegui-Ortega, R. (2020). Responsabilidad social corporativa (RSC) y su impacto en el rendimiento economico de las principales Empresas en Ecuador. Revista Espacios, 41(10), 1-8. http://w.revistaespacios.com/a20v41n10/20411013.html.
Vergara-Romero, A., Sorhegui-Ortega, R. & Garnica-Jarrin, L. (2020). Factores de desarrollo local desde el enfoque de la gestión organizativa. Revista de la Universidad del Zulia, 11(31), 86-96. http://dx.doi.org/10.46925//rdluz.31.07
Vergara-Romero, A. (2019). Desarrollo Sostenible y Medio Ambiente. En Márquez Sánchez, F. (Comp.), Desarrollo Sostenible y Medio Ambiente (13-40). Samborondón, Ecuador: Universidad ECOTEC. ISBN 978-9942-960-54-2. https://www.ecotec.edu.ec/content/uploads/investigacion/libros/dsostenible.pdf
WBCSD-World Business Council for Sustainable Development. (2020). https://www.wbcsd.org/
Barrena-Martinez, J., López-Fernández, M., y Romero-Fernández, P. M. (2018). The link between socially responsible human resource management and intellectual capital. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.1658.
Chams, N. y Garcia-Blandon, J. (2019). On the importance of sustainable human resource management for the adoption of sustainable development goals. Resources, Conservation & Recycling, 141, 109-122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2018.10.006.
Claver-Cortés, E., Zaragoza-Sáez, P. y González Illescas, M. (2018). Intellectual capital management: An approach to organizational practices in Ecuador. Intangible Capital, 14(2), 270-285. https://doi.org/10.3926/ic.1158.
Di Fabio, A., y Peiró, J. (2018). Human Capital Sustainability Leadership to Promote Sustainable Development and Healthy Organizations: A New Scale. Sustainability, 10(7), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10072413.
Drela, K. (2020). Sustainable management of human resources in enterprises as an example of sustainable development. Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin-Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie, 61(133), 91-98. https://doi.org/10.17402/404.
Frankovský, M., Birknerová, Z. Štefko, R. y Benková, E. (2019). Implementing the Concept of Neurolinguistic Programming Related to Sustainable Human Capital Development. Sustainability, 11(15). 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11154031.
Gallardo-Vásquez, D., Valdez-Juárez, L. E. y Lizcano-Álvarez, J. L. (2019). Corporate Social Responsibility and Intellectual Capital: Sources of Competitiveness and Legitimacy in Organizations’ Management Practices. Sustainability, 11(20), 1-29. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11205843.
GRI-Global Reporting Initiative. (2020). https://www.globalreporting.org/information/about-gri/Pages/default.aspx.
Gross-Golacka, E., Kusterka-Jefmańska, M. y Jefmański, B. (2020). Can Elements of Intellectual Capital Improve Business Sustainability?-The Perspective of Managers of SMEs in Poland. Sustainability, 12(4), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12041545.
Hamadamin, H. H. y Atan, T. (2019). The Impact of Strategic Human Resource Management Practices on Competitive Advantage Sustainability: The Mediation of Human Capital Development and Employee Commitment. Sustainability, 11(20), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11205782.
Hatch, N. W., y Dyer, J. H. (2004). Human capital and learning as a source of sustainable competitive advantage. Strategic Management Journal, 25(12), 1155–1178. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.421.
Herman, E. y Suciu, M. C. (2019). “Towards a smart, inclusive and sustainable development. Investment in human capital and innovation. An empirical analysis. Proceedings of the International Conference on Business Excellence, 13(1), 792-803. https://doi.org/10.2478/picbe-2019-0070.
Hitka, M., Kucharcikova, A., Starchon, P., Balazova, Z., Lukac, M. y Stacho, Z. (2019). Knowledge and Human Capital as Sustainable Competitive Advantage in Human Resource Management. Sustainability, 11(18), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11184985.
Janshanlo, R. E., Kogut, O. Y. y Czerewacz-Filipowicz, K. (2019). Human Capital Managemnet Trends in the Innovative Economy of Kazakhstan. Polish Journal of Management Studies, 20(2), 267-278. https://doi.org/10.17512/pjms.2019.20.2.22.
Kucharčíková, A., y Mičiak, M. (2018). “Human Capital Management in Transport Enterprises with the Acceptance of Sustainable Development in the Slovak Republic”. Sustainability, 10(7), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10072530.
Kucharčíková, A., Mičiak, M., y Hitka, M. (2018). Evaluating the Effectiveness of Investment in Human Capital in E-Business Enterprise in the Context of Sustainability. Sustainability, 10(9), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10093211.
Lazareva, E., Anopchenko, T. y Murzin, A. (2019). Human Capital in the System of Urban Territory Sustainable Development Management. Advances in Manufacturing Technology, 269-277. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16091-3_28.
Márquez, F. (2019). Desarrollo Sostenible y Medio Ambiente. Samborodón: Universidad ECOTEC. https://www.ecotec.edu.ec/content/uploads/investigacion/libros/dsostenible.pdf
Manuti, A. y Giancaspro, M. (2019). People Make the Difference: An Explorative Study on the Relationship between Organizational Practices, Employees’ Resources, and Organizational Behavior Enhancing the Psychology of Sustainability and Sustainable Development. Sustainability, 11(5). 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11051499.
Mubarik, M. S., Naghavi, N. y Mahmood, R. T. (2019). Intellectual capital, competitive advantage and the ambidexteriry liaison. Human Systems Management, 38(3), 267-277. https://doi.org/10.3233/HSM-180409.
Novikova, O., Ostafiichuck, Y. y Khandii, O. (2019). Mechanism of Strengthening Social and Labor Potential of Sustainable Development. Problemy Ekorozwoju, 14(1), 63-72.
Omelehuk, O. M., Vatras, V.A., Podra, O. P. y Savenko, V. V. (2020). The Importance of Human Capital in Sustainable Economic Development providing: European experience and the legal aspect. Financial and credit activity: problems of theory and practice. 1(32), 507-517.
Oyasu, K. (2019). “Community-Based Learning for Sustainable Development”. Kultur-Revista Interdisciplinaria sobre la cultura de la ciutat, 6(11), 39-62. http://dx.doi.org/10.6035/Kult-ur.2019.6.11.2.
Pacherres-Nolivos, S., Vergara-Romero, A. y Sorhegui-Ortega, R. (2020). Responsabilidad social corporativa y el turismo sostenible. Revista Cientifica ECOCIENCIA, 7(2), 1-20. http://revistas.ecotec.edu.ec/index.php/ecociencia/article/view/340.
Piontek, F. y Piontek, B. (2019). Theoretical Foundations of Human Capital Education in Economic Growth and Development Management. Problemy Ekorozwoju, 14(1), 167-173. https://ekorozwoj.pollub.pl/no27/t.pdf.
Robèrt, K.-H., Daly, H., Hawken, P. y Holmberg, J. (1997). A compass for sustainable development. International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, 4(2), 79–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13504509709469945.
Shleifer, A. y Vishny, R. W. (1997). A Survey of Corporate Governance. The Journal of Finance, 52(2), 737–783. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.1997.tb04820.x.
Simion, D. y Tobă, D. (2018). “Impact Analysis of the Relationship: Intellectual Capital, Performance and Social Responsibility of the Organization”. Current Issues in Corporate Social Responsibility, 63–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70449-4_5.
Sipa, M. (2018). The Factors Determining the Creativity of the Human Capital in the Conditions of Sustainable Development. European Journal of Sustainable Development, 7(2), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2018.v7n2p1.
Stachová, K., Papula, J., Stacho, Z. y Kohnová, L. (2019). External Partnerships in Employee Education and Development as the Key to Facing Industry 4.0 Challenges. Sustainability, 1(2), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11020345.
Tejedo-Romero, F. y Araujo, J. F. F. (2018). Transparency, Social Responsibility and Corporate Governance: Human Capital of companies. Cuadernos de Gestión, 18(2), 133-162. https://doi.org/10.5295/cdg.160693ft.
UN-United Nations. (2020). Declaración de Río sobre el Medio Ambiente y el Desarrollo. https://www.un.org/spanish/esa/sustdev/documents/declaracionrio.htm.
UN-United Nations. (2019). Report of the World Commision on Environment and Development: Our Common Future. https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/5987our-common-future.pdf.
Vergara-Romero, A., Olalla-Hernández, A., Yturralde, J. M. y Sorhegui-Ortega, R. (2020). Responsabilidad social corporativa (RSC) y su impacto en el rendimiento economico de las principales Empresas en Ecuador. Revista Espacios, 41(10), 1-8. http://w.revistaespacios.com/a20v41n10/20411013.html.
Vergara-Romero, A., Sorhegui-Ortega, R. & Garnica-Jarrin, L. (2020). Factores de desarrollo local desde el enfoque de la gestión organizativa. Revista de la Universidad del Zulia, 11(31), 86-96. http://dx.doi.org/10.46925//rdluz.31.07
Vergara-Romero, A. (2019). Desarrollo Sostenible y Medio Ambiente. En Márquez Sánchez, F. (Comp.), Desarrollo Sostenible y Medio Ambiente (13-40). Samborondón, Ecuador: Universidad ECOTEC. ISBN 978-9942-960-54-2. https://www.ecotec.edu.ec/content/uploads/investigacion/libros/dsostenible.pdf
WBCSD-World Business Council for Sustainable Development. (2020). https://www.wbcsd.org/
Publicado
2021-01-28
Cómo citar
Vergara-Romero, A., Márquez Sánchez, F., Sorhegui-Ortega, R., & Olalla-Hernández, A. (2021). Capital humano: Actor central para la sostenibilidad organizacional. Revista Venezolana De Gerencia, 26(93), 297-307. https://doi.org/10.52080/rvg93.20
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