Percepciones del efecto del ambiente laboral en el desempeño de los empleados

• Roberto Roa-Espinoza https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6514-3219
• Luis Araya-Castillo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7574-3907
• Andrés Rubio-Rivera https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8806-0697
• David Álvarez-Maldonado https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6375-0461

Abstract

El ambiente laboral se ha consolidado como un constructo clave en el estudio de las organizaciones. Esta investigación tiene el objetivo de describir el efecto del ambiente laboral en el desempeño de los empleados, utilizando la metodología de elicitación de metáforas para explorar las percepciones de 31 trabajadores. Se aplican entrevistas proyectivas, las cuales capturan las experiencias de los participantes mediante narrativas visuales, utilizando las técnicas de codificación emergente y análisis de coocurrencias mediante el software Atlas.ti. El ambiente laboral es un fenómeno multidimensional, influenciado por una combinación de factores relacionales, estructurales y emocionales. Se identificaron seis dimensiones clave: relaciones entre empleados, problemas, tranquilidad, desarrollo, variedad y objetivos. Estas dimensiones permiten una caracterización del ambiente laboral desde la perspectiva de los empleados; a la vez ofrecen puntos de conexión con estudios previos y teorías sobre cultura organizacional y desempeño laboral. El ambiente laboral es un factor determinante en la alineación entre los objetivos organizacionales y el desempeño de los empleados y contribuye al campo de la gestión organizacional al ofrecer una visión detallada y basada en la experiencia de los empleados sobre el ambiente laboral.

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