Typology of the Ecuadorian businessman: the impact on the management of family SMEs
Keywords:
typology of the entrepreneur, management style, motivational factors
Abstract
The research seeks to identify the typology of the Ecuadorian businessman for which it adopts a quantitative, hypothetical-deductive approach, with correlational scope. The sample was selected based on the database of the Superintendency of Companies, Securities and Insurance of Ecuador, considering SMEs with at least one generational transfer, from whose population a simple random sample of 1,000 companies was drawn, to which they were sent two closed surveys. Descriptive statistics, principal component analysis and correlation analysis are used for data treatment. Two profiles of family entrepreneur were obtained: “Heir” (37%) and “Fighter” (63%); and, three styles of management: “Conservative” (47.9%), “Prestige” (24.4%) and “Progressive” (27.7%). Based on the K Nearest Neighbor algorithm, the “Fighter” entrepreneur is more likely to manage the company under the “Prestige” model, while the “Heir” is more inclined towards a “Conservative” style. It is concluded that the Ecuadorian family SME fits into a fairly traditional style, requiring its modernization through the application of models based on new management tools.
References
Aronoff, S.L. McClure, J.L. y Ward. (2003). Family Business Succession: The Final Test of Greatness Family Enterprise. Palgrave Macmillan US.
Barney, J. (1992). Integrating organizational behaviour and strategy formulation research: A resource-based analysis. Advances in Strategic Management, 8:39-61.
Barney, J.B. (2001). Resource-based theories of competitive advantage: A ten-year retrospective on the resource-based view. Journal of Management, 27, 643-650. https://bit.ly/2YOBAOE
Bellanca, S. & Colot, O. (2014). Motivations et typologie d’entrepreneurs. La Revue des Sciences de Gestion. 266. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rsg.266.0063
Brenes, E. R., Madrigal, K., & Molina-Navarro, G. E. (2006). Family business structure and succession: Critical topics in Latin American experience. Journal of Business Research, 59(3), 372-374. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2005.09.011.
Brochklaus, R., & Horwitz, P. (1986). The female entrepreneur. A career development perspective. Academy of Management Review, 11, 393-407.
Dana, D., Smyrnios, K. X., & Bi, R. (2015). Family business continuity: Key factors and main practices. In Proceedings for the 28th Annual Small Enterprise Association of Australia and New Zealand (SEAANZ) Conference, Australia: Small Enterprise Association of Australia and New Zealand.
Dubini, P. (1988). The influence of motivations and environment on business star-ups: some hints for public policies. Journal of Business venturing, 4, 11-36.
Dunkelberg & Cooper. (1982). Entrepreneurs perceived chances for success. Journal of Business Venturing, 3(2), 97-108.
Ettinger, J. (1983). Some Belgian evidence on entrepreneurial personality. European Small Business Journal, 1(2), 48-57.
Gallego, I. (2012). La empresa familiar, su concepto y delimitación jurídica. Cuadernos de reflexión de la cátedra PRASA de empresa familiar. Universidad de Córdoba.
Gallo, M. A. (1997). La empresa familiar. Pamplona: IESE/Universidad de Navarra
Giacomin, O., Janssen, F., Pruett, M., Shinnar, R., Llopis, F., & Toney, B., (2009). Entrepreneurial intentions, motivations and barriers: Differences among American, Asian and European students. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 7(2), 219-238.
Global Family Business Survey (2018). The effect value, PwC Global Family Business Survey. https://www.pwc.ec/es/family-business-survey-2018-template.html
Gómez, G., Betancourt, J., & Zapata, N. (2012). Empresas familiares multigeneracionales. Colombia. Revista Entramado, 8 (2), 38-49.
Gómez-Mejia L.R., Cruz C., & Berrone P. (2011). The Bind that Ties: Socioemotional Wealth Preservation in Family Firms. Academy of Management Annals, 5(1), 653-707.
González, M., Guzmán, A., Pombo, C., & Trujillo, M. A. (2014). Family Involvement and Dividend Policy in Closely Held Firms. Family Business Review, 27(4), 365-385. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894486514538448.
Grandclaude, D., & Nobre, T. (2013). Características del propietario – dirigente de la pequeña y mediana empresa familiar: entre el ser y el hacer ¿dónde estamos? XXII Conferencia Internacional de Gestión Estratégica, Clermont-Ferrand-Francia, 10-12 junio del 2013.
Hernández, E-M. (2001). L’entrepreneuriat. Approche théorique. Ed. L’Harmattan.
Herron, L. & Robinson, R. (1993). In search of the meaning of entrepreneurship. Small Business Economic, 1, 39-49.
Hirigoyen, G. (2009). Concilier finance et management dans les entreprises familiales. Revue française de gestion, 198-199.
Jahromi, A.H., & Taheri, M. (2017). A non-parametric mixture of Gaussian naive Bayes classifiers based on local independent features. Artificial Intelligence and Signal Processing Conference (AISP), 209-212, https://doi.org/10.1109/AISP.2017.8324083
Jaskiewicz P., Pieper T. (2008). The relevance of emotional return for the longevity of family business. A theoretical model, Working paper, European Business School.
Lafuente, A., & Salas, V. (1989). Types of Entrepreneurs and Firms: The Case of New Spanish Firms. Strategic Management Journal, 10, 17-30. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250100103
Laufer J.C. (1975). Comment on deviant entrepreneur. Revue francaise de gestion, 2, pp. 18-29. Citado en: Julien P. (1998) The state of the art in small business and entrepreneurship, Ashgate Publishing Limited.
Man, T.W. Y., Lau, T. & Chan, K. F. (2002). The competitiveness of Small and Medium Entreprises- A conceptualization with focus on entrepreneurial competences. Journal of Business Venturing, 17, 123-142.
Neubauer, F. & Lank, A. (2003). La Empresa familiar: cómo dirigirla para que perdure. Ediciones Deusto.
O’Hara, W. T. & Mandel, P. (2004). The world’s oldest family companies. Universidad de León.
Pavez, A.A. (2000). Modelo de implantación de gestión del conocimiento y tecnologías de información para la generación de ventajas competitivas. Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María.
Price Waterhouse Coopers. (2018). Encuesta de Empresas Familiares. Edición Ecuador. https://bit.ly/3roJMli
Reynolds, P. D., Camp, S. M., Bygrave, W. D., Autio, E., & Hay, M. (2001). Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. Executive Report. Kauffman Foundation.
Schwass, J. (2005). Wise growth strategies in leading family businesses. Palgrave Macmillan.
Sexton, D.L. (1986). Role of Entrepreneurship in Economic Development. En R.D. Hisrich (1996), Entrepreneurship, Intrapreneurship and Venture Capital, 27-39. Heath Company.
Siu, W. (1995). Entrepreneurial typology: the case of owner-managers in China. International Small Business Journal, 14, 53-64.
Superintendencia de Compañías, Seguros y Valores (2015). Las Empresas Familiares en el Ecuador: Definición y aplicación metodológica, Revista X-Pendientes Económicos, 2(3).
Tagiuri, R., & Davis J. (1992). Bivalent attributes of family firms. Family Business Review, 9 (2), 199-202.
Vélez, D., Holguín, H., De la Hoz, G. A., Durán, Y., & Gutiérrez, I. (2008). Dinámica de la empresa familiar pyme: estudio exploratorio en Colombia. FUNDES.
Ward, J. (2004). Culture in family-owned enterprises: recognizing and leveraging unique strengths. Family Business Review, 17(1), 61-70.
Barney, J. (1992). Integrating organizational behaviour and strategy formulation research: A resource-based analysis. Advances in Strategic Management, 8:39-61.
Barney, J.B. (2001). Resource-based theories of competitive advantage: A ten-year retrospective on the resource-based view. Journal of Management, 27, 643-650. https://bit.ly/2YOBAOE
Bellanca, S. & Colot, O. (2014). Motivations et typologie d’entrepreneurs. La Revue des Sciences de Gestion. 266. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rsg.266.0063
Brenes, E. R., Madrigal, K., & Molina-Navarro, G. E. (2006). Family business structure and succession: Critical topics in Latin American experience. Journal of Business Research, 59(3), 372-374. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2005.09.011.
Brochklaus, R., & Horwitz, P. (1986). The female entrepreneur. A career development perspective. Academy of Management Review, 11, 393-407.
Dana, D., Smyrnios, K. X., & Bi, R. (2015). Family business continuity: Key factors and main practices. In Proceedings for the 28th Annual Small Enterprise Association of Australia and New Zealand (SEAANZ) Conference, Australia: Small Enterprise Association of Australia and New Zealand.
Dubini, P. (1988). The influence of motivations and environment on business star-ups: some hints for public policies. Journal of Business venturing, 4, 11-36.
Dunkelberg & Cooper. (1982). Entrepreneurs perceived chances for success. Journal of Business Venturing, 3(2), 97-108.
Ettinger, J. (1983). Some Belgian evidence on entrepreneurial personality. European Small Business Journal, 1(2), 48-57.
Gallego, I. (2012). La empresa familiar, su concepto y delimitación jurídica. Cuadernos de reflexión de la cátedra PRASA de empresa familiar. Universidad de Córdoba.
Gallo, M. A. (1997). La empresa familiar. Pamplona: IESE/Universidad de Navarra
Giacomin, O., Janssen, F., Pruett, M., Shinnar, R., Llopis, F., & Toney, B., (2009). Entrepreneurial intentions, motivations and barriers: Differences among American, Asian and European students. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 7(2), 219-238.
Global Family Business Survey (2018). The effect value, PwC Global Family Business Survey. https://www.pwc.ec/es/family-business-survey-2018-template.html
Gómez, G., Betancourt, J., & Zapata, N. (2012). Empresas familiares multigeneracionales. Colombia. Revista Entramado, 8 (2), 38-49.
Gómez-Mejia L.R., Cruz C., & Berrone P. (2011). The Bind that Ties: Socioemotional Wealth Preservation in Family Firms. Academy of Management Annals, 5(1), 653-707.
González, M., Guzmán, A., Pombo, C., & Trujillo, M. A. (2014). Family Involvement and Dividend Policy in Closely Held Firms. Family Business Review, 27(4), 365-385. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894486514538448.
Grandclaude, D., & Nobre, T. (2013). Características del propietario – dirigente de la pequeña y mediana empresa familiar: entre el ser y el hacer ¿dónde estamos? XXII Conferencia Internacional de Gestión Estratégica, Clermont-Ferrand-Francia, 10-12 junio del 2013.
Hernández, E-M. (2001). L’entrepreneuriat. Approche théorique. Ed. L’Harmattan.
Herron, L. & Robinson, R. (1993). In search of the meaning of entrepreneurship. Small Business Economic, 1, 39-49.
Hirigoyen, G. (2009). Concilier finance et management dans les entreprises familiales. Revue française de gestion, 198-199.
Jahromi, A.H., & Taheri, M. (2017). A non-parametric mixture of Gaussian naive Bayes classifiers based on local independent features. Artificial Intelligence and Signal Processing Conference (AISP), 209-212, https://doi.org/10.1109/AISP.2017.8324083
Jaskiewicz P., Pieper T. (2008). The relevance of emotional return for the longevity of family business. A theoretical model, Working paper, European Business School.
Lafuente, A., & Salas, V. (1989). Types of Entrepreneurs and Firms: The Case of New Spanish Firms. Strategic Management Journal, 10, 17-30. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250100103
Laufer J.C. (1975). Comment on deviant entrepreneur. Revue francaise de gestion, 2, pp. 18-29. Citado en: Julien P. (1998) The state of the art in small business and entrepreneurship, Ashgate Publishing Limited.
Man, T.W. Y., Lau, T. & Chan, K. F. (2002). The competitiveness of Small and Medium Entreprises- A conceptualization with focus on entrepreneurial competences. Journal of Business Venturing, 17, 123-142.
Neubauer, F. & Lank, A. (2003). La Empresa familiar: cómo dirigirla para que perdure. Ediciones Deusto.
O’Hara, W. T. & Mandel, P. (2004). The world’s oldest family companies. Universidad de León.
Pavez, A.A. (2000). Modelo de implantación de gestión del conocimiento y tecnologías de información para la generación de ventajas competitivas. Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María.
Price Waterhouse Coopers. (2018). Encuesta de Empresas Familiares. Edición Ecuador. https://bit.ly/3roJMli
Reynolds, P. D., Camp, S. M., Bygrave, W. D., Autio, E., & Hay, M. (2001). Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. Executive Report. Kauffman Foundation.
Schwass, J. (2005). Wise growth strategies in leading family businesses. Palgrave Macmillan.
Sexton, D.L. (1986). Role of Entrepreneurship in Economic Development. En R.D. Hisrich (1996), Entrepreneurship, Intrapreneurship and Venture Capital, 27-39. Heath Company.
Siu, W. (1995). Entrepreneurial typology: the case of owner-managers in China. International Small Business Journal, 14, 53-64.
Superintendencia de Compañías, Seguros y Valores (2015). Las Empresas Familiares en el Ecuador: Definición y aplicación metodológica, Revista X-Pendientes Económicos, 2(3).
Tagiuri, R., & Davis J. (1992). Bivalent attributes of family firms. Family Business Review, 9 (2), 199-202.
Vélez, D., Holguín, H., De la Hoz, G. A., Durán, Y., & Gutiérrez, I. (2008). Dinámica de la empresa familiar pyme: estudio exploratorio en Colombia. FUNDES.
Ward, J. (2004). Culture in family-owned enterprises: recognizing and leveraging unique strengths. Family Business Review, 17(1), 61-70.
Published
2020-12-01
How to Cite
Cabanilla Guerra, G. E. (2020). Typology of the Ecuadorian businessman: the impact on the management of family SMEs. Revista Venezolana De Gerencia, 25(4), 614-627. Retrieved from https://mail.produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/rvg/article/view/35229
Section
Artículos
.png)
