Convergencia tecnológica y su impacto en el sistema financiero digital global
Abstract
El fenómeno de convergencia tecnológica ha sido objeto de análisis en un número creciente de estudios y se puede presenciar en una variedad de entornos de alta tecnología diferentes, siendo uno de ellos el sistema financiero. El propósito de esta investigación es realizar una revisión de literatura para identificar los hallazgos en todo el mundo sobre la convergencia tecnológica, específicamente en el ámbito relacionado al sistema financiero. El estudio se centra en el período 2017 hasta el 2021. Se realizó una búsqueda especializada de artículos sobre convergencia tecnológica y sistema financiero publicados en las principales revistas dentro de la base de datos de Science Direct. Se seleccionaron 47 artículos publicados en los journals Q1, Q2 y Q3 según Scimago. El estudio resume cómo la literatura ha definido el significado de la convergencia tecnológica, los impulsores, el sistema financiero digital y la tecnología financiera. El artículo concluye que la convergencia tecnológica impulsa las finanzas digitales, consolidando su desarrollo.
References
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Chen, M., Wu, Q., & Yang, B. (2019). How valuable is FinTech innovation? The Review of Financial Studies, 32(5), 2062-2106. https://doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhy130
Deng, T., Kanthawala, S., Meng, J., Peng, W., Kononova, A., Hao, Q., Zhang, Q. & David, P. (2019). Measuring smartphone usage and task switching with log tracking and self-reports. Mobile Media & Communication, 7(1), 3-23. https://doi.org/10.1177/2050157918761491
Frank, A., Mendes, G., Ayala, N. & Ghezzi, A. (2019). Servitization and Industry 4.0 convergence in the digital transformation of product firms: A business model innovation perspective. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 141(1), 341-351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2019.01.014
Gomber, P., Koch, J. A., & Siering, M. (2017). Digital finance and FinTech: Current research and future research directions. Journal of Business Economics, 67(5), 537-580. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11573-017-0852-x
Hernández-Nieves, E., Hernández, G., Gil-González, A., Rodríguez-González, S. & Corchado, J. (2020). Fog computing architecture for personalized recommendation of banking products. Expert Systems with Applications, 140(1), 112900. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2019.112900
Hwang, I. (2020). The effect of collaborative innovation on ICT-based technological convergence: A patent-based analysis. PloS one, 15(2), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0228616
Jagtiani, J. & Lemieux, C. (2018). Do fintech lenders penetrate areas that are underserved by traditional banks? Journal of Economics and Business, 100(1), 43-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconbus.2018.03.001
Jakšič, M. & Marinč, M. (2019). Relationship banking and information technology: The role of artificial intelligence and FinTech. Risk Management, 21(1), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3059426
Jocevski, M., Ghezzi, A. & Arvidsson, N. (2020). Exploring the growth challenge of mobile payment platforms: A business model perspective. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 40(1), 100908. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elerap.2019.100908
Kim, D. & Choi, S. (2018). Impact of Construction IT Technology convergence innovation on business performance. Sustainability, 10(11), 3972. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10113972
Kim, J. & Lee, S. (2017). Forecasting and identifying multi-technology convergence based on patent data: the case of IT and BT industries in 2020. Scientometrics, 111(1), 47-65. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-017-2275-4
Kim, J., Kim, S. & Lee, C. (2019). Anticipating technological convergence: Link prediction using Wikipedia hyperlinks. Technovation, 79(1), 25-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2018.06.008
Kim, Y., & Lee, D. (2020). Technology convergence networks for flexible display application: A comparative analysis of latecomers and leaders. Japan and the World Economy, 55(1), 101025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japwor.2020.101025
Kong, D., Yang, J. & Li, L. (2020). Early identification of technological convergence in numerical control machine tool: a deep learning approach. Scientometrics, 125(3), 1983-2009. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-020-03696-y
Kong, D., Zhou, Y., Liu, Y., Xue, L., (2017). Using the data mining method to assess the innovation gap: a case of industrial robotics in a catching-up country. Technological Forecasting & Social Change 144(1), 205-220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2017.02.035
Kose, T., & Sakata, I. (2019). Identifying technology convergence in the field of robotics research. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 146(1), 751-766. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.09.005
Krämer, J. & Wohlfarth, M. (2018). Market power, regulatory convergence, and the role of data in digital markets. Telecommunications Policy, 42(2), 154-171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2017.10.004
Lee, C., Hong, S. & Kim, J. (2021). Anticipating multi-technology convergence: a machine learning approach using patent information. Scientometrics, 1(1)1-30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-020-03842-6
Lee, C., Kogler, D. & Lee, D. (2019). Capturing information on technology convergence, international collaboration, and knowledge flow from patent documents: A case of information and communication technology. Information Processing & Management, 56(4), 1576-1591. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ipm.2018.09.007
Lee, C., Park, G. & Kang, J. (2018). The impact of convergence between science and technology on innovation. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 43(2), 522-544. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10961-016-9480-9
Lee, J. & Sohn, S. (2017). What makes the first forward citation of a patent occur earlier? Scientometrics, 113(1), 279-298. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-017-2480-1
León, M., Murillo, J. & Pincay, F. (2019). New technologies that minimize the environmental impact on production systems. Centro Sur Social Sciencie Journal, 4(2), 149-160.
Li, J., Wu, Y., & Xiao, J. (2020). The impact of digital finance on household consumption: Evidence from China. Economic Modelling, 86(1), 317-326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2019.09.027
Lim, S., Kwon, O., & Lee, D. H. (2018). Technology convergence in the Internet of Things (IoT) startup ecosystem: A network analysis. Telematics and Informatics, 35(7), 1887-1899. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2018.06.002
Martin-Fiorino, V., & Reyes, G. E. (2020). Desafíos y nuevos escenarios gerenciales como parte de la herencia del Covid-19. Revista Venezolana De Gerencia, 25(90), 722-734. https://doi.org/10.37960/rvg.v25i90.32413
Milian, E., Spinola, M. & de Carvalho, M. (2019). Fintechs: A literature review and research agenda. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 34(1), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elerap.2019.100833
Morikawa, M. (2019). Innovation in the service sector and the role of patents and trade secrets: Evidence from Japanese firms. Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, 51(1), 43-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jjie.2018.10.003
Ozili, P. (2018). Impact of digital finance on financial inclusion and stability. Borsa Istanbul Review, 18(4), 329-340. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bir.2017.12.003
Ozili, P. (2020). Financial inclusion research around the world: A review. Forum for Social Economics, 1(1), 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3515515
Park, I. & Yoon, B. (2018). Technological opportunity discovery for technological convergence based on the prediction of technology knowledge flow in a citation network. Journal of informetrics, 12(4), 1199-1222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joi.2018.09.007
Park, S. (2018). The Fourth Industrial Revolution and implications for innovative cluster policies. AI & Society, 33(3), 433-445. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-017-0777-5
Pierrakis, Y. (2019). Peer-to-peer lending to businesses: Investors’ characteristics, investment criteria and motivation. The International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 20(4), 239-251. https://doi.org/10.1177/1465750319842528
San Kim, T. & Sohn, S. (2020). Machine-learning-based deep semantic analysis approach for forecasting new technology convergence. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 157(1), 120095. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2020.120095
Santoro, G., Vrontis, D., Thrassou, A. & Dezi, L. (2018). The Internet of Things: Building a knowledge management system for open innovation and knowledge management capacity. Technological forecasting and social change, 136(1), 347-354. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2017.02.034
Scott, S., Van Reenen, J. & Zachariadis, M. (2017). The long-term effect of digital innovation on bank performance: An empirical study of SWIFT adoption in financial services. Research Policy, 46(5), 984-1004. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2017.03.010
Shankar, A. & Jebarajakirthy, C. (2019). The influence of e-banking service quality on customer loyalty. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 37(5), 1119-1142. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-03-2018-0063
Sick, N., Preschitschek, N., Leker, J., & Bröring, S. (2019). A new framework to assess industry convergence in high technology environments. Technovation, 84(1), 48-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2018.08.001
Song, C., Elvers, D. & Leker, J. (2017). Anticipation of converging technology areas—A refined approach for the identification of attractive fields of innovation. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 116(1), 98-115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2016.11.001
Stucki, T. & Woerter, M. (2019). The private returns to knowledge: A comparison of ICT, biotechnologies, nanotechnologies, and green technologies. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 145(1), 62-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2019.05.011
Teece, D. (2018). Profiting from innovation in the digital economy: Enabling technologies, standards, and licensing models in the wireless world. Research Policy, 47(8), 1367-1387. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2017.01.015
Thakor, A. (2020). Fintech and banking: What do we know? Journal of Financial Intermediation, 41(1), 100833. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfi.2019.100833
Thomas, A. (2019). Convergence and digital fusion lead to competitive differentiation. Business Process Management Journal, 26(3), 707-720. https://doi.org/10.1108/BPMJ-01-2019-0001
Torres, A. & Zúñiga, A. (2019). Analysis of traffic modeling tools in SDN networks. Centro Sur Social Science Journal, 4(2), 1-15.
Uzunca, B. (2018). A competence-based view of industry evolution: The impact of submarket convergence on incumbent−entrant dynamics. Academy of Management Journal, 61(2), 738-768. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2015.1080
Wang, L., Tan, J. & Li, W. (2018). The impacts of spatial positioning on regional new venture creation and firm mortality over the industry life cycle. Journal of Business Research, 86(1), 41-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.01.020
Wang, Z., Porter, A., Wang, X. & Carley, S. (2019). An approach to identify emergent topics of technological convergence: A case study for 3D printing. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 146(1), 723-732. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.12.015
Woo, S. & Choi, J. (2018). Knowledge sources and recombination capabilities in developing new convergent products. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 30(2), 227-240. https://doi.org/10.1080/09537325.2017.1300249
Yan, T., Schulte, P. & Chuen, D. (2018). InsurTech and FinTech: banking and insurance enablement. Handbook of Blockchain, Digital Finance, and Inclusion, 1(1), 249-281. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-810441-5.00011-7
Yu, L., Zhao, D., Xue, Z. & Gao, Y. (2020). Research on the use of digital finance and the adoption of green control techniques by family farms in China. Technology in Society, 62(1), 101323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2020.101323
Zhang, J., McBurney, P. & Musial, K. (2018). Convergence of trading strategies in continuous double auction markets with boundedly-rational networked traders. Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, 50(1), 301-352. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11156-017-0631-3
Zhou, Y., Dong, F., Kong, D. & Liu, Y. (2019). Unfolding the convergence process of scientific knowledge for the early identification of emerging technologies. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 144(1), 205-220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2019.03.014
Cefis, E., Marsili, O. & Rigamonti, D. (2020). In and Out of Balance: Industry Relatedness, Learning Capabilities and Post‐Acquisition Innovative Performance. Journal of Management Studies, 57(2), 210-245. https://doi.org/10.1111/joms.12441
Chen, M., Wu, Q., & Yang, B. (2019). How valuable is FinTech innovation? The Review of Financial Studies, 32(5), 2062-2106. https://doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhy130
Deng, T., Kanthawala, S., Meng, J., Peng, W., Kononova, A., Hao, Q., Zhang, Q. & David, P. (2019). Measuring smartphone usage and task switching with log tracking and self-reports. Mobile Media & Communication, 7(1), 3-23. https://doi.org/10.1177/2050157918761491
Frank, A., Mendes, G., Ayala, N. & Ghezzi, A. (2019). Servitization and Industry 4.0 convergence in the digital transformation of product firms: A business model innovation perspective. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 141(1), 341-351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2019.01.014
Gomber, P., Koch, J. A., & Siering, M. (2017). Digital finance and FinTech: Current research and future research directions. Journal of Business Economics, 67(5), 537-580. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11573-017-0852-x
Hernández-Nieves, E., Hernández, G., Gil-González, A., Rodríguez-González, S. & Corchado, J. (2020). Fog computing architecture for personalized recommendation of banking products. Expert Systems with Applications, 140(1), 112900. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2019.112900
Hwang, I. (2020). The effect of collaborative innovation on ICT-based technological convergence: A patent-based analysis. PloS one, 15(2), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0228616
Jagtiani, J. & Lemieux, C. (2018). Do fintech lenders penetrate areas that are underserved by traditional banks? Journal of Economics and Business, 100(1), 43-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconbus.2018.03.001
Jakšič, M. & Marinč, M. (2019). Relationship banking and information technology: The role of artificial intelligence and FinTech. Risk Management, 21(1), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3059426
Jocevski, M., Ghezzi, A. & Arvidsson, N. (2020). Exploring the growth challenge of mobile payment platforms: A business model perspective. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 40(1), 100908. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elerap.2019.100908
Kim, D. & Choi, S. (2018). Impact of Construction IT Technology convergence innovation on business performance. Sustainability, 10(11), 3972. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10113972
Kim, J. & Lee, S. (2017). Forecasting and identifying multi-technology convergence based on patent data: the case of IT and BT industries in 2020. Scientometrics, 111(1), 47-65. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-017-2275-4
Kim, J., Kim, S. & Lee, C. (2019). Anticipating technological convergence: Link prediction using Wikipedia hyperlinks. Technovation, 79(1), 25-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2018.06.008
Kim, Y., & Lee, D. (2020). Technology convergence networks for flexible display application: A comparative analysis of latecomers and leaders. Japan and the World Economy, 55(1), 101025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japwor.2020.101025
Kong, D., Yang, J. & Li, L. (2020). Early identification of technological convergence in numerical control machine tool: a deep learning approach. Scientometrics, 125(3), 1983-2009. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-020-03696-y
Kong, D., Zhou, Y., Liu, Y., Xue, L., (2017). Using the data mining method to assess the innovation gap: a case of industrial robotics in a catching-up country. Technological Forecasting & Social Change 144(1), 205-220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2017.02.035
Kose, T., & Sakata, I. (2019). Identifying technology convergence in the field of robotics research. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 146(1), 751-766. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.09.005
Krämer, J. & Wohlfarth, M. (2018). Market power, regulatory convergence, and the role of data in digital markets. Telecommunications Policy, 42(2), 154-171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2017.10.004
Lee, C., Hong, S. & Kim, J. (2021). Anticipating multi-technology convergence: a machine learning approach using patent information. Scientometrics, 1(1)1-30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-020-03842-6
Lee, C., Kogler, D. & Lee, D. (2019). Capturing information on technology convergence, international collaboration, and knowledge flow from patent documents: A case of information and communication technology. Information Processing & Management, 56(4), 1576-1591. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ipm.2018.09.007
Lee, C., Park, G. & Kang, J. (2018). The impact of convergence between science and technology on innovation. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 43(2), 522-544. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10961-016-9480-9
Lee, J. & Sohn, S. (2017). What makes the first forward citation of a patent occur earlier? Scientometrics, 113(1), 279-298. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-017-2480-1
León, M., Murillo, J. & Pincay, F. (2019). New technologies that minimize the environmental impact on production systems. Centro Sur Social Sciencie Journal, 4(2), 149-160.
Li, J., Wu, Y., & Xiao, J. (2020). The impact of digital finance on household consumption: Evidence from China. Economic Modelling, 86(1), 317-326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2019.09.027
Lim, S., Kwon, O., & Lee, D. H. (2018). Technology convergence in the Internet of Things (IoT) startup ecosystem: A network analysis. Telematics and Informatics, 35(7), 1887-1899. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2018.06.002
Martin-Fiorino, V., & Reyes, G. E. (2020). Desafíos y nuevos escenarios gerenciales como parte de la herencia del Covid-19. Revista Venezolana De Gerencia, 25(90), 722-734. https://doi.org/10.37960/rvg.v25i90.32413
Milian, E., Spinola, M. & de Carvalho, M. (2019). Fintechs: A literature review and research agenda. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 34(1), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elerap.2019.100833
Morikawa, M. (2019). Innovation in the service sector and the role of patents and trade secrets: Evidence from Japanese firms. Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, 51(1), 43-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jjie.2018.10.003
Ozili, P. (2018). Impact of digital finance on financial inclusion and stability. Borsa Istanbul Review, 18(4), 329-340. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bir.2017.12.003
Ozili, P. (2020). Financial inclusion research around the world: A review. Forum for Social Economics, 1(1), 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3515515
Park, I. & Yoon, B. (2018). Technological opportunity discovery for technological convergence based on the prediction of technology knowledge flow in a citation network. Journal of informetrics, 12(4), 1199-1222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joi.2018.09.007
Park, S. (2018). The Fourth Industrial Revolution and implications for innovative cluster policies. AI & Society, 33(3), 433-445. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-017-0777-5
Pierrakis, Y. (2019). Peer-to-peer lending to businesses: Investors’ characteristics, investment criteria and motivation. The International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 20(4), 239-251. https://doi.org/10.1177/1465750319842528
San Kim, T. & Sohn, S. (2020). Machine-learning-based deep semantic analysis approach for forecasting new technology convergence. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 157(1), 120095. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2020.120095
Santoro, G., Vrontis, D., Thrassou, A. & Dezi, L. (2018). The Internet of Things: Building a knowledge management system for open innovation and knowledge management capacity. Technological forecasting and social change, 136(1), 347-354. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2017.02.034
Scott, S., Van Reenen, J. & Zachariadis, M. (2017). The long-term effect of digital innovation on bank performance: An empirical study of SWIFT adoption in financial services. Research Policy, 46(5), 984-1004. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2017.03.010
Shankar, A. & Jebarajakirthy, C. (2019). The influence of e-banking service quality on customer loyalty. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 37(5), 1119-1142. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-03-2018-0063
Sick, N., Preschitschek, N., Leker, J., & Bröring, S. (2019). A new framework to assess industry convergence in high technology environments. Technovation, 84(1), 48-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2018.08.001
Song, C., Elvers, D. & Leker, J. (2017). Anticipation of converging technology areas—A refined approach for the identification of attractive fields of innovation. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 116(1), 98-115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2016.11.001
Stucki, T. & Woerter, M. (2019). The private returns to knowledge: A comparison of ICT, biotechnologies, nanotechnologies, and green technologies. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 145(1), 62-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2019.05.011
Teece, D. (2018). Profiting from innovation in the digital economy: Enabling technologies, standards, and licensing models in the wireless world. Research Policy, 47(8), 1367-1387. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2017.01.015
Thakor, A. (2020). Fintech and banking: What do we know? Journal of Financial Intermediation, 41(1), 100833. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfi.2019.100833
Thomas, A. (2019). Convergence and digital fusion lead to competitive differentiation. Business Process Management Journal, 26(3), 707-720. https://doi.org/10.1108/BPMJ-01-2019-0001
Torres, A. & Zúñiga, A. (2019). Analysis of traffic modeling tools in SDN networks. Centro Sur Social Science Journal, 4(2), 1-15.
Uzunca, B. (2018). A competence-based view of industry evolution: The impact of submarket convergence on incumbent−entrant dynamics. Academy of Management Journal, 61(2), 738-768. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2015.1080
Wang, L., Tan, J. & Li, W. (2018). The impacts of spatial positioning on regional new venture creation and firm mortality over the industry life cycle. Journal of Business Research, 86(1), 41-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.01.020
Wang, Z., Porter, A., Wang, X. & Carley, S. (2019). An approach to identify emergent topics of technological convergence: A case study for 3D printing. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 146(1), 723-732. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.12.015
Woo, S. & Choi, J. (2018). Knowledge sources and recombination capabilities in developing new convergent products. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 30(2), 227-240. https://doi.org/10.1080/09537325.2017.1300249
Yan, T., Schulte, P. & Chuen, D. (2018). InsurTech and FinTech: banking and insurance enablement. Handbook of Blockchain, Digital Finance, and Inclusion, 1(1), 249-281. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-810441-5.00011-7
Yu, L., Zhao, D., Xue, Z. & Gao, Y. (2020). Research on the use of digital finance and the adoption of green control techniques by family farms in China. Technology in Society, 62(1), 101323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2020.101323
Zhang, J., McBurney, P. & Musial, K. (2018). Convergence of trading strategies in continuous double auction markets with boundedly-rational networked traders. Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, 50(1), 301-352. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11156-017-0631-3
Zhou, Y., Dong, F., Kong, D. & Liu, Y. (2019). Unfolding the convergence process of scientific knowledge for the early identification of emerging technologies. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 144(1), 205-220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2019.03.014
Published
2022-06-27
How to Cite
Illa Sihuincha, G. P., Ruiz Villavicencio, R. E., Castillo Santa María, B., & Valentín Puma, M. T. (2022). Convergencia tecnológica y su impacto en el sistema financiero digital global. Revista Venezolana De Gerencia, 27(99), 867-883. https://doi.org/10.52080/rvgluz.27.99.2
Issue
Section
En la mira: Sistemas económicos - financieros en Latinoamérica
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